Review of underground hydrogen storage: Concepts and challenges

Hematpur, Hamed; Abdollahi, Reza; Rostami, Shahin; Haghighi, Manouchehr; Blunt, Martin J.

doi:10.46690/ager.2023.02.05

Cited by 60 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 72 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1−4 At present, worldwide hydrogen consumption stands at approximately 115 million metric tons (115 × 10 9 kg) per year 3 and is expected to increase 10fold (to the gigatonnes per year scale) to accommodate the expanding global energy needs. 3 Storing a gigatonne of hydrogen would necessitate immense storage volumes of the order of 10 11 m 3 , even at significant pressures of 10 MPa and temperatures of 323.15 K. 3 Only geological formations such as depleted gas reservoirs and salt caverns can offer such large volumes for hydrogen storage. 3 Depleted gas reservoirs, used initially for natural gas storage, can also be used for hydrogen storage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutual Diffusivities of Mixtures of Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen and Their Solubilities in Brine: Insight from Molecular Simulations

Hulikal Chakrapani,

Hajibeygi,

Moultos

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

H2-CO2 mixtures find wide-ranging applications, including their growing significance as synthetic fuels in the transportation industry, relevance in capture technologies for carbon capture and storage, occurrence in subsurface storage of hydrogen, and hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to form hydrocarbons and alcohols. Here, we focus on the thermodynamic properties of H2-CO2 mixtures pertinent to underground hydrogen storage in depleted gas reservoirs. Molecular dynamics simulations are used to compute mutual (Fick) diffusivities for a wide range of pressures (5 to 50 MPa), temperatures (323.15 to 423.15 K), and mixture compositions (hydrogen mole fraction from 0 to 1). At 5 MPa, the computed mutual diffusivities agree within 5% with the kinetic theory of Chapman and Enskog at 423.15 K, albeit exhibiting deviations of up to 25% between 323.15 and 373.15 K. Even at 50 MPa, kinetic theory predictions match computed diffusivities within 15% for mixtures comprising over 80% H2 due to the ideal-gas-like behavior. In mixtures with higher concentrations of CO2, the Moggridge correlation emerges as a dependable substitute for the kinetic theory. Specifically, when the CO2 content reaches 50%, the Moggridge correlation achieves predictions within 10% of the computed Fick diffusivities. Phase equilibria of ternary mixtures involving CO2-H2-NaCl were explored using Gibbs Ensemble (GE) simulations with the Continuous Fractional Component Monte Carlo (CFCMC) technique. The computed solubilities of CO2 and H2 in NaCl brine increased with the fugacity of the respective component but decreased with NaCl concentration (salting out effect). While the solubility of CO2 in NaCl brine decreased in the ternary system compared to the binary CO2-NaCl brine system, the solubility of H2 in NaCl brine increased less in the ternary system compared to the binary H2-NaCl brine system. The cooperative effect of H2-CO2 enhances the H2 solubility while suppressing the CO2 solubility. The water content in the gas phase was found to be intermediate between H2-NaCl brine and CO2-NaCl brine systems. Our findings have implications for hydrogen storage and chemical technologies dealing with CO2-H2 mixtures, particularly where experimental data are lacking, emphasizing the need for reliable thermodynamic data on H2-CO2 mixtures.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutual Diffusivities of Mixtures of Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen and Their Solubilities in Brine: Insight from Molecular Simulations

Hulikal Chakrapani,

Hajibeygi,

Moultos

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There exist some review articles as well in the domain of underground hydrogen storage as listed in Table . ,,,,− Most of the reviews are focused on underground hydrogen storage methods, experimental studies, and geochemical interactions. Some are dedicated to hydrogen storage mechanisms and influencing factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mini-Review on Underground Hydrogen Storage: Production to Field Studies

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydrogen has become increasingly popular as one of the alternative fuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Storing hydrogen in geological structures is a technology that shows great potential in storing large amounts of hydrogen efficiently. However, this technology is relatively new and requires a clear understanding. Therefore, a quick review of underground hydrogen storage is needed to understand its fundamental concepts. This review article presents important components relevant to underground hydrogen storage. First, some currently available hydrogen production methods are discussed followed by hydrogen storage methods. Both small-scale and large-scale hydrogen storage methods are presented. Next, some important factors (fluid properties, rock properties, solid−fluid interactions, and chemical interactions) influencing underground hydrogen storage are summarized. This is followed by presenting various interesting field studies for underground hydrogen storage. Lastly, some challenges and future outlooks pertinent to underground hydrogen storage are reviewed. This article will serve as a useful resource that provides a quick overview of underground hydrogen storage for both researchers and industrialists.

show abstract

“…However, the hydrogen needs to be stored until needed, particularly bearing in mind the intermittent nature of renewable power generation. At the scale required, running to several Gt (10 12 kg) at a global scale, underground storage in depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs, saline aquifers or salt caverns is required (Aftab et al., 2022; Ali et al., 2021; Boon & Hajibeygi, 2022; Hematpur et al., 2023; Muhammed et al., 2022; Raad et al., 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore‐Scale Observations of Hydrogen Trapping and Migration in Porous Rock: Demonstrating the Effect of Ostwald Ripening

Zhang

Bijeljic

Gao

et al. 2023

Geophysical Research Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We use high‐resolution three‐dimensional X‐ray imaging to study hydrogen injection and withdrawal in the pore space of Bentheimer sandstone. The results are compared with a replicate experiment using nitrogen. We observe less trapping with hydrogen because the initial saturation after drainage is lower due to channeling. Remarkably we observe that after imbibition, if the sample is imaged again after 12 hr, there is a significant rearrangement of the trapped hydrogen. Many smaller ganglia disappear while the larger ganglia swell, with no detectable change in overall gas volume. For nitrogen, the fluid configuration is largely unchanged. This rearrangement is facilitated by concentration gradients of dissolved gas in the aqueous phase—Ostwald ripening, We estimate the time‐scales for this effect to be significant, consistent with the experimental observations. The swelling of larger ganglia potentially increases the gas connectivity, leading to less hysteresis and more efficient withdrawal.

show abstract

Review of underground hydrogen storage: Concepts and challenges

Cited by 60 publications

References 72 publications

Mutual Diffusivities of Mixtures of Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen and Their Solubilities in Brine: Insight from Molecular Simulations

Mutual Diffusivities of Mixtures of Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen and Their Solubilities in Brine: Insight from Molecular Simulations

A Mini-Review on Underground Hydrogen Storage: Production to Field Studies

Pore‐Scale Observations of Hydrogen Trapping and Migration in Porous Rock: Demonstrating the Effect of Ostwald Ripening

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About