Review of tri-generation technologies: Design evaluation, optimization, decision-making, and selection approach

Moussawi, Houssein Al; Fardoun, Farouk; Louahlia-Gualous, H.

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2016.04.085

Cited by 218 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 261 publications

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“…It is based on findings from different sources as well as on the authors' judgement. Up to 2 MW [25] Up to 150 kW [2] up to 2 MW [2] Up to 1,000 kW [21] Advantages Very high reliability (with clean fuels) [21,45] Rapid start-up [21] Low investment costs [21] Excellent partial load performance [25] Very high electric efficiency [5,21] Low noise [45] Low emissions [5,21] Can use low quality fuels due to external combustion [21,25,32] Good partial load performance [12,25,32] Potentially low maintenance requirements/ less moving parts [21,46] High thermal efficiency [5] Low emissions [5,32] Can run with low grade heat [12] High reliability [12,47] Low maintenance costs [5,48] Good partial load behaviour [47] Low quality fuels can be used for externally driven units [21] Very few moving parts [21] Very compact sizes [21] High temperature exhaust [45] Low emissions [45] Disadvantages Short maintenance intervals [21,45] Instability with bioand syngas/ limited fuel flexibility [21,48,49] High noise [45] High NOxemissions…”

Section: Prime Movermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With no moving parts and no combustion, fuel cells (FCs) are a completely different type of prime mover from their mechanical counterparts, excelling in environmental impact and load flexibility [45]. However, the environmental benefit is rapidly equalized when considering the energy consumption and GHG emissions for producing hydrogen or methane as fuel.…”

Section: Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomass-fired combined cooling, heating and power for small scale applications – A review

Wegener

Malmquist

Isalgué³

et al. 2018

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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The growing demand for energy and the accelerating threats from climate change call for innovative and sustainable solutions to decrease dependency on fossil fuels. Biomass-based, small-scale Combined Cooling, Heating and Power (CCHP) systems are one of these solutions, because they can satisfy the energy demands of the consumer with enhanced flexibility, lower losses, less costs and less environmental pollution as compared to centralized facilities. Due to recent advances in several scientific subfields with relevance to small-scale CCHP, a rapidly increasing amount of literature is now available. Therefore, a structural overview is essential for engineers and researchers. This paper presents a review of the current investigations in small-scale CCHP systems covering biomass-fired concepts and solar extensions. To this end, critical system components are described and analysed according to their specific advantages and drawbacks. Recent case studies have been collected and key findings are highlighted according to each type of prime mover. The results indicate a scientific bias towards the economic viability of such systems and the need for real-life and experiment system data. However, the potential of biomass-fired CCHP systems and of such systems with solar extensions has clearly been recognised. Based on the results, future policy implementations should focus on fostering such systems in areas with high energy costs and to increase energy resilience in developed regions. Additionally research and industry applying novel prime mover technologies should be financially supported.

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Section: Prime Movermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass-fired combined cooling, heating and power for small scale applications – A review

Wegener

Malmquist

Isalgué³

et al. 2018

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The trigeneration system (CCHP) may have a complex structure which depends on available technologies of prime mover. According to the prime mover the following technologies can be identified [1]: steam turbines, gas turbines, microturbines, combined cycle gas turbines, reciprocating internal combustion engines (RICE) and new emerging technologies such as organic rankine cycle, Stirling engines, fuel cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial load efficiency analysis of a CCHP plant with RICE and H2O-LiBr absorption chiller

Marcus

Lungu

2019

E3S Web Conf.

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This paper presents a model for calculating and analyzing the global efficiency of a trigeneration system (CCHP) using 3 reciprocating internal combustion engines (RICE) as prime mover for heat and electric loads. RICE operate simultaneously and at the same load. The CCHP plant delivering energy for the office buildings of an economic operator includes also 2 absorption chillers with water-lithium bromide solution for air conditioning. The system has been analyzed for RICE partial load operation mode, linking the thermal energy output to the cooling power generation. The amount of thermal energy production is influenced by the required energy for cooling. The total cooling load in the summer is determined by both the indoor office-rooms cooling load and the data center cooling load (the energy dissipated by the data center’s components and electrical circuits). An vapor-compression chiller is operated for cooling peak load. During yearly thermal load variation, RICE are switched on or off, operate at nominal capacity or in partial load mode. The thermal efficiency of each engine changes according to the demanded heating load, determining the global efficiency variation of the trigeneration system.. The electrical efficiency of the system is also dependent on the RICE operating load that leads the electric generators. The EER factor for the absorption chillers results accordingly at partial or nominal load operating mode. The functioning graphics for each system equipment were developed based on the thermal load curve of the RICEs and the global efficiency variation graph of the trigeneration system was plotted. Finally, conclusions resulted regarding the optimal functioning of the studied trigeneration system.

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“…If the design is feasible, initiate step 14. Otherwise, repeat steps 7-12 with revised value of ΔT min , revised set of pinch rules and constraints [11].…”

Section: • Stream Target Temperature -T T °C • Heat Capacity Flowratementioning

confidence: 99%

Application Algorithm Development of Pinch Technology in Heat Integration Problem

Sojitra¹

2016

J Chem Eng Process Technol

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Pinch technology is developing and its application is widening, reaching new horizons. The original concepts of pinch approach were quite clear and, because of numerous ways, application engineer gets confused among these numerous flexibilities. Therefore, there is a need for a rigorous and robust model which could guide the optimisation engineer on deciding the applicability of the pinch approach and direct sequential step of procedure in predefined workflow, so that the precision of approach is ensured. Exploring the various options of a novice handson algorithm development that can be coded and interfaced with GUI and keeping in mind the difficulties faced by designers, an effort was made to formulate a new algorithm for the optimisation activity. As such, the work aims at easing out application hurdles and providing hands-on information to the developer for use during preparation of new application tools. This paper presents a new algorithm, the application which ensures the designer does not violate basic pinch rules. To achieve this, intermittent check gates are provided in the algorithm, which eliminate violation of predefined basic pinch rules, design philosophy, and Engineering Standards and ensure that constraints are adequately considered. On the other side, its sequential instruction to develop the pinch analysis and reiteration promises maximum energy recovery (MER).

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Review of tri-generation technologies: Design evaluation, optimization, decision-making, and selection approach

Cited by 218 publications

References 261 publications

Biomass-fired combined cooling, heating and power for small scale applications – A review

Biomass-fired combined cooling, heating and power for small scale applications – A review

Partial load efficiency analysis of a CCHP plant with RICE and H2O-LiBr absorption chiller

Application Algorithm Development of Pinch Technology in Heat Integration Problem

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