Review of the Working Fluid Thermal Stability for Organic Rankine Cycles

Dai, Xiaoye; Shi, Lin; Qian, Weizhong

doi:10.1007/s11630-019-1119-3

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The working fluid selection may be proceeded in many different ways depending on the accepted selection criteria. Different methods of working fluid selection are consciously developed and described in scientific papers, see [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. Nowadays, environment protection is an important issue; therefore, many working fluids that were successfully applied in ORCs are being withdrawn (e.g., R11, R12, and others).…”

Section: The Methods Of Working Fluid Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The environmental impact of the working fluid should be considered during the assessment of the working fluid candidates. The thermal stability of the substance is also of great importance during the working fluid selection [54,55]. However, to fit the working fluid to the ORC, the system selection should be based mainly on the thermal properties of the working fluid [3,56,57].…”

Section: The Methods Of Working Fluid Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Method of the Working Fluid Selection for Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Systems Employing Volumetric Expanders

Kolasiński

2020

Energies

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The working fluid selection is one of the most important issues faced when designing Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems. The choice of working fluid is dictated by different criteria. The most important of them are safety of use, impact on the environment, and physical and chemical parameters. The type of ORC system in which the working fluid is to be used and the type of expander applied in this system is also affecting the working fluid selection. Nowadays, volumetric expanders are increasingly used in ORC systems. In the case of volumetric expanders, in addition to the aforementioned working fluid selection criteria, additional parameters are considered during the selecting of the working fluid, such as the range of operating pressures and geometric dimensions (determining the volume of working chambers) affecting the achieved power and efficiency of the expander. This article presents a method of selecting a working medium for ORC systems using volumetric expanders. This method is based on the dimensionless rating parameters applied for the comparative analysis of different working fluids. Dimensionless parameters were defined for selected thermal properties of the working fluids, namely thermal capacity, mean temperature of evaporation, mean temperature of condensation, pressure and volumetric expansion ratio, volumetric expandability, as well as the heat of preheating, vaporization, superheating, cooling, and liquefaction. Moreover, isentropic expansion work was considered as the rating parameter. In this article, in addition to the working fluid selection method, computational examples related to the selection of the working fluid for the ORC system fed by a heat source featuring specified temperatures are presented. The results of calculations of rating parameters and their comparison gave an outlook on the selection of appropriate working fluids.

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Section: The Methods Of Working Fluid Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Methods Of Working Fluid Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Method of the Working Fluid Selection for Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Systems Employing Volumetric Expanders

Kolasiński

2020

Energies

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“…including type and mass flow rate of the waste exhaust or effluent. Although Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems proved to be a successful technical solution especially for large scale applications [17], the use of this technology is limited in a range of temperatures of the waste heat source that goes from 100 °C up to 400 °C [18]. The upper limit is imposed by the flammability and low chemical stability of the organic fluids at high temperatures, while the lower one by their vapour pressure which, in turn, limits the efficiency and the output of ORC units at extremely low temperatures.…”

Section: High-grade Waste Heat Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) technologies for high-grade waste heat to power conversion

2020

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In the European Industry, 275 TWh of thermal energy is rejected into the environment at temperatures beyond 300 °C. To recover some of this wasted energy, bottoming thermodynamic cycles using supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO 2) as working fluid are a promising technology for the conversion of the waste heat into power. CO 2 is a non-flammable and thermally stable compound, and due to its favourable thermo-physical properties in the supercritical state, can lead to high cycle efficiencies and a substantial reduction in size compared to alternative heat to power conversion technologies. In this work, a brief overview of the sCO 2 power cycle technology is presented. The main concepts behind this technology are highlighted, including key technological challenges with the major components such as turbomachinery and heat exchangers. The discussion focuses on heat to power conversion applications and benefits of the experience gained from the design and construction of a 50 kWe sCO 2 test facility at Brunel University London. A comparison between sCO 2 power cycles and conventional heat to power conversion systems is also provided. In particular, the operating ranges of sCO 2 and other heat to power systems are reported as a function of the waste heat source temperature and available thermal power. The resulting map provides insights for the preliminary selection of the most suitable heat to power conversion technology for a given industrial waste heat stream.

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“…The ORC thermal efficiency can exceed 20% for a steam heat source at a temperature of 200°C. However, the thermal stabilities of the working fluids should be considered primarily [16,18,35].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Heat Recovery from Fossil-Fired Power Plants by Organic Rankine Cycles

Liu¹

2020

Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery - Analysis and Applications

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More than 60% of the world's electricity is still produced from fossil-fired power plants. Recovering heat from flue gas, drained water, and exhaust steam which are discharged in power plants by organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) to generate power is an efficient approach to reduce fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This chapter proposes conceptual ORC systems for heat recovery of drain from continuous blowdown systems, exhaust flue gas from boilers, and exhaust steam from turbines. The waste heat source temperatures range from 30 to 200°C. Environmentally friendly and nonflammable working fluids including R134a,

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Review of the Working Fluid Thermal Stability for Organic Rankine Cycles

Cited by 39 publications

References 61 publications

The Method of the Working Fluid Selection for Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Systems Employing Volumetric Expanders

The Method of the Working Fluid Selection for Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Systems Employing Volumetric Expanders

Review of supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) technologies for high-grade waste heat to power conversion

Waste Heat Recovery from Fossil-Fired Power Plants by Organic Rankine Cycles

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