Review of the use of solid wood as an external cladding material in the built environment

Hill, Callum A. S.; Kymäläinen, Maija; Rautkari, Lauri

doi:10.1007/s10853-022-07211-x

“…Linseed (flax) oil, on the other hand, is the most used natural oil for wood applications in Europe [40]. Linseed oil can be used on its own, or as an ingredient in alkyd or polyurethane paint systems [41]. The oil penetrates wood pores and increases hydrophobicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture Sorption of Wood Surfaces Modified by One-Sided Carbonization as an Alternative to Traditional Façade Coatings

Kymäläinen

¹

,

Dömény

²

,

Rautkari

³

2022

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Surface carbonization, or charring, of wooden cladding boards is a promising, low impact process that can substitute inorganic coatings. The char surface is inert and hydrophobic and possibly a long-lasting solution for exterior uses. To determine the performance of surface-charred wood, several sorption experiments were established. Sapwood of two hardwoods (aspen, birch) and two softwoods (pine, spruce) were used as the experimental material, modified by contact charring and gas flame charring, including surfaces coated with oil for further protection. The results showed that flame charring modification is equal to a double layer of acrylic paint on primer in terms of permeability on all wood species, with higher moisture exclusion efficiency at high relative humidity. Contact charring modification presented much improved properties in comparison to both flame charring and acrylic paint in all implemented sorption experiments, but the dimensional stability was poor with strong cupping in wetting. However, hardwoods and especially birch exhibited less dimensional distortion than the other investigated species, and oiling further reduced the cupping. The contact charring modification produced more repeatable results with less impact from substrate and all wood species benefitted, whereas the flame charring modification is more dependent on inherent properties of the wood species, and does not seem to suit aspen as well as birch, and pine as well as spruce, although oiling affected the observed results.

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“…Along with concrete and steel, one of the main uses of wood is in construction [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. However, if you are going to design and build a structure, you require a good knowledge of the mechanical response of the substances you use [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Wood a Material? Taking the Size Effect Seriously

Walley

¹

,

Rogers

²

2022

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This review critically examines the various ways in which the mechanical properties of wood have been understood. Despite the immense global importance of wood in construction, most understanding of its elastic and inelastic properties is based on models developed for other materials. Such models neglect wood’s cellular and fibrous nature. This review thus questions how well models that were originally developed for homogeneous and effectively continuous materials can describe wood’s mechanical properties. For example, the elastic moduli of wood have been found by many authors to depend on the size of the test specimen. Such observations are incompatible with classical elasticity theory. There is also much uncertainty about how well elastic moduli can be defined for wood. An analysis of different models for size effects of various inelastic properties of wood shows that these models only approximate the observed behaviour, and do not predict or explain the scatter in the results. A more complete understanding of wood’s mechanical properties must take account of it being in some sense intermediate between a material and a structure.

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“…Along with concrete and steel, one of the main uses of wood is in construction [3][4][5][6][7]. But if you are going to design and build a structure, you require a good knowledge of the mechanical response of the substances you use [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Wood a Material?

Walley¹,

Rogers²

2022

Preprint

1

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review critically examines the various ways in which the mechanical properties of wood have been understood. Despite the immense global importance of wood in construction, most understanding of its elastic and inelastic properties is based on models developed for other materials. Such models neglect wood’s cellular and fibrous nature. This review thus questions how well models that were originally developed for homogeneous and effectively continuous materials can describe wood’s mechanical properties. For example, the elastic moduli of wood have been found by many authors to depend on the size of the test specimen. Such observations are incompatible with classical elasticity theory. There is also much uncertainty about how well elastic moduli can be defined for wood. An analysis of different models for size effects of various inelastic properties of wood shows that these models only approximate the observed behaviour, and do not predict or explain the scatter in the results. A more complete understanding of wood’s mechanical properties must take account of it being in some sense intermediate between a material and a structure.

show abstract

Review of the use of solid wood as an external cladding material in the built environment

Cited by 22 publications

References 393 publications

Moisture Sorption of Wood Surfaces Modified by One-Sided Carbonization as an Alternative to Traditional Façade Coatings

Moisture Sorption of Wood Surfaces Modified by One-Sided Carbonization as an Alternative to Traditional Façade Coatings

Is Wood a Material? Taking the Size Effect Seriously

Is Wood a Material?

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