Review of the toxic effects of ionic liquids

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is exceedingly sensitive to degradation compared to DNA. The current protocol for storage of purified RNA requires freezing conditions below −20 °C. Recent advancements in biological chemistry have identified amino acid-based ionic liquids as suitable preservation media for RNA, even in the presence of degrading enzymes. However, the mechanistic insight into the interaction between ILs and RNA is unclear. To the best of our knowledge, no attempts are made so far to provide a molecular view. This work aims to establish a detailed understanding of how ILs enable structural stability to RNA sourced from Torula yeast. Herein, we manifest the hypothesis of multimodal binding of IL and its minimal perturbation to the macromolecular structure, with several spectroscopic techniques such as time-resolved fluorescence and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) aided with molecular dynamics at microsecond time scales. Relevant structural and thermodynamic details from biophysical experiments confirm that even long-term RNA preservation with ILs is a possible alternative devoid of any structural deformation. These results establish a unifying mechanism of how ILs are maintaining conformational integrity and thermal stability. The atomistic insights are transferable for their potential applications in drug delivery and biomaterials by considering the advantages of having maximum structural retention and minimum toxicity.

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“…Furthermore, the level of cytotoxicity is different, which otherwise is higher compared to AAILs. 62 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Dynamics of RNA in the Presence of Choline Amino Acid Based Ionic Liquid: A Spectroscopic and Computational Outlook

et al. 2021

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“…Moreover, since the potency of the antimicrobial effect increases with the growth in hydrophobicity of ILs, the length of the alkyl substituent of the cation is an important structural element. The optimal structure contains 10 to 16 carbon atoms for alkyl, or 8 to 14 carbon atoms for alkoxymethyl groups [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Novel Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids

et al. 2022

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In this study, a series of 10 novel 1-methyl-3-octyloxymethylimidazolium derivatives carrying various anionic moieties (4-hydroxybenzenesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, carvacroloxyacetate, chloride, formate, propionate, thymoloxyacetate, vanillinoxyacetate, eugenoloxyacetate and trimethylacetate) were synthesized. Compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity against six microbe strains (Staph-ylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans), cytotoxic activity against the mouse melanoma cell line (B16 F10), and surface active properties. All synthesized compounds exhibited antimicrobial activity (expressed as minimum inhibitory concentration; in range of 0.10–27.82 mM/L), especially against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. In addition, all compounds demonstrated cytotoxicity on B16 F10 cells (IC50 values 0.0101–0.0197 mM/L). Surface properties defined as CMC values, ranged from 0.72 to 32.35 mmol L-1. The obtained results provide an insight into the promising activity of a novel group of quaternary imidazolium derivatives having ionic liquid properties. The most potent compounds, containing a thymoloxyacetate and eugenoloxyacetate moiety, could be candidates for new antimicrobial agents or surfactants.

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“…The toxic effects of ionic liquids depend on their structure, test conditions, and morphology of the organisms. Therefore, more research is needed in order to evaluate the comprehensive sustainability of using ionic liquids as solvents [40,41]. Ionic liquids are a topical example of innovation of green chemistry, made possible by science and technology [16].…”

Section: Theoretical Problem Analysis: the Possibilities Of The Ionic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Supporting the Relevance of Chemistry Education through Sustainable Ionic Liquids Context: A Research-Based Design Approach

2022

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By introducing the sustainable nature of chemistry to students—makers of the future—teachers, and teacher students we can promote their scientific literacy and increase understanding of the relevance of chemistry research and studies in sustainability. Ionic liquids are a topical example of innovation of green chemistry research offering many possibilities for sustainable chemistry education. This article describes how to develop research-based learning materials on ionic liquids using educational design research as a design strategy. The design process included two cycles and the initial design solution was iterated via a qualitative case study conducted with future chemistry teachers. The main result of this research is the designed context-based activity that engages learners with individual, vocational, and societal levels of relevance. In addition, the study produced new insights into future chemistry teachers’ perceptions of ionic liquids’ possibilities in a chemistry learning context. According to future chemistry teachers, ionic liquids are an interesting new context for laboratory learning and can increase interest in chemistry studies.

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Review of the toxic effects of ionic liquids

Cited by 177 publications

References 414 publications

Structural Dynamics of RNA in the Presence of Choline Amino Acid Based Ionic Liquid: A Spectroscopic and Computational Outlook

Structural Dynamics of RNA in the Presence of Choline Amino Acid Based Ionic Liquid: A Spectroscopic and Computational Outlook

Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Novel Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids

Supporting the Relevance of Chemistry Education through Sustainable Ionic Liquids Context: A Research-Based Design Approach

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