Review of the SISAK system in transactinide research

Omtvedt, Jon Petter; Alstad, J.; Eberhardt, Κ.; Fure, K; Malmbeck, Rikard; Mendel, M.; Nähler, A.; Skarnemark, Gunnar; Trautmann, Ν.; Wiehl, N.; Wierczinski, B.

doi:10.1016/s0925-8388(98)00076-0

Cited by 19 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In these liquid-liquid extraction experiments, the behavior of Rf was studied and compared to its lighter homologs Hf and Zr, which were investigated in separate studies. Use of preseparated isotopes resulted in nearly background-free experiments which enabled unambiguous identification of 257 Rf (T 1/2 ¼ 4.3 s), which had previously not been possible [19].…”

Section: Physical Preseparation For Chemistry Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy-ion-induced production and physical preseparation of short-lived isotopes for chemistry experiments

Düllmann

Folden

Gregorich

et al. 2005

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Section: Physical Preseparation For Chemistry Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy-ion-induced production and physical preseparation of short-lived isotopes for chemistry experiments

Düllmann

Folden

Gregorich

et al. 2005

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…However, it does not seem possible based on subsequent experiments that this fully explains the large loss of activity. Other possibilities include that the degasser/mixer device did not function optimally, the phase separation and extraction from the centrifuges was poor, and/or that α-decay events were obscured by the radiation background [Wierczinski 2001, Omtvedt 1998]. The first problem of getting the aerosol activity efficiently into solution has been addressed by redesigning the mixing device so that it increases solution contact with the aerosol [Wierczinski 2001].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second problem was addressed by adding the scintillator cocktail after the extraction has taken place. This improved separation considerably but required the use of the rather expensive 1-methyl-naphthalene instead of naphthalene to reduce the volume of scintilator solution added [Omtvedt 1998]. In addition, another "boosting" centrifuge was added before the α-LS system to reduce back-pressure on the last extraction centrifuge.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Group Five and Group Seven transactinium elements

Wilk

2001

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The detection and positive identification of the short-lived, low cross section isotopes used in the chemical studies of the heaviest elements are usually accomplished by measuring their α-decay, thus the nuclear properties of the heaviest elements must be examined simultaneously with their chemical properties. The isotopes 224 Pa and 266,267 Bh have been studied extensively as an integral part of the investigation of the heaviest members of the groups five and seven of the periodic table.The half-life of 224 Pa was determined to be 855±19 ms by measuring its α-decay using our rotating wheel, solid state detector system at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 88-Inch Cyclotron. Protactinium was produced by bombardment of a bismuth target. New neutron rich isotopes, MeV.The chemical behavior of hahnium, Ha (element 105) was investigated using the fast on-line continuous liquid extraction and detection system SISAK-LISSY.Hahnium was not observed in this experiment following transport and extraction.Protactinium was used as on-line test of the apparatus to determine the experimental efficiency of the entire system. Unfortunately, the amount of protactinium observed after the extraction, compared to the amount produced, was extremely small, only 2.5%. The extraction of the protactinium test isotope indicated the efficiency of the apparatus was too low to observe the extraction of hahnium.The chemical behavior of oxychloride compounds of bohrium was investigated by isothermal gas adsorption chromatography in a quartz column at 180, 150, and 75°C. It was found to be less volatile than the corresponding compounds of the lighter group seven homologues, rhenium and technetium, which had been measured previously with the same apparatus. Assuming the bohrium compound to be BhO 3 Cl, the evaluated standard adsorption enthalpy, ∆H ads , of BhO 3 Cl on the quartz surface was calculated from Monte Carlo fits to the volatility data to be DedicationThis thesis is dedicated to the Reed Reactor Facility (RRF) of Reed College, Portland, Oregon and the Summer School in Nuclear Chemistry that was sponsored by the Division of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology of the American Chemical Society. These two institutions have maintained a commitment to undergraduate education in the field of nuclear chemistry that is unparalleled. It is my hope that Reed will soon replace the long missing radiochemistry professor of the chemistry department to echo this commitment to nuclear and radiochemistry. Without the education and the experience I received from the RRF and the contacts I made at the ACS summer school, I certainly would not be writing this thesis. No changes were made to the structure of the Periodic Table until 1944, when Glenn T. Seaborg postulated the existence of the actinide series, analogous to the lanthanide series (see Figure 1.1) [Seaborg 1945]. This seemingly simple extrapolation was not obvious given the data at the time, and led to the nearly immediate discovery of americium and curium. Before Seaborg's fo...

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“…The very successful proof-of-principle study with the CTS led to the first application of physical preseparation to TAN elements very soon thereafter in liquid-liquid extraction experiments of rutherfordium (Rf, Z = 104) [28] exploiting the automated SISAK-system [29]. SISAK uses LiquidScintillation Counting (LSC) based detectors, and consequently, there is no need to produce dry samples suitable for measurements with solid-state detectors, which makes this system very fast and hence suitable for working with the relatively short-lived 257 Rf (T 1/2 ∼ 5 s [30][31][32]).…”

Section: Liquid-liquid Extraction Studies With Sisakmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superheavy element studies with preseparated isotopes

Düllmann¹

2011

Radiochimica Acta

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Superheavy elements / Transactinides / Physical preseparation / Recoil separatorSummary. In recent years, significant progress in the field of superheavy element research has been achieved thanks to a novel combination of techniques from different fields. This "physical preseparation" approach includes the coupling of an ancillary setup -typically a chemistry apparatus or a counting setup -to a physical recoil separator. This latter preseparator removes unwanted nuclear reaction products as well as the intense heavy-ion beam associated with superheavy element experiments and thus isolates the evaporation residues of the nuclear fusion reactions. These are guided to the separators's focal plane, where they are extracted and available for further transport to external setups, e.g., by a gas-jet. In this overview, the development of physical preseparation is described, and experimental results from nuclear chemistry and physics that were achieved with "preseparated" isotopes are summarized, with an emphasis on results relevant for superheavy element research. The covered topics range from chemical studies in the liquid as well as in the gas phase, the measurement of nuclear decay properties and of atomic masses. Preseparation was already shown to be a very powerful approach in these studies and promises to allow further progress in superheavy element research.

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Review of the SISAK system in transactinide research

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Heavy-ion-induced production and physical preseparation of short-lived isotopes for chemistry experiments

Heavy-ion-induced production and physical preseparation of short-lived isotopes for chemistry experiments

Properties of Group Five and Group Seven transactinium elements

Superheavy element studies with preseparated isotopes

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