Review of ‘the Potential Role of Arterial Stiffness in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease’

Hughes, Timothy M.; Craft, Suzanne; López, Oscar L.

doi:10.2217/nmt.14.53

Cited by 87 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 114 publications

(150 reference statements)

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“…Although it was previously known that extreme narrowing and/or stiffening of cerebral or peripheral arteries can lead to cerebrovascular problems (e.g., stroke, small vessel disease, vascular dementia), less was known about the impact of arterial elasticity on the volume of specific brain regions in relatively healthy individuals such as those included in this study (Hughes et al, 2015; Mattace-Raso et al, 2006; Power et al, 2011; Tanaka et al, 2000; van Sloten et al, 2015a; van Sloten et al, 2015b). These findings are consistent with the regionally specific association between cerebral blood flow (indexed using ASL) and anatomy found in older adults in one of our previous studies (Zimmerman et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in regional cortical volumes across the life span are associated with regional optical measures of arterial elasticity

et al. 2017

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Aging is often accompanied by changes in brain anatomy and cerebrovascular health. However, the specific relationship between declines in regional cortical volumes and loss of cerebral arterial elasticity is less clear, as only global or very localized estimates of cerebrovascular health have been available. Here we employed a novel tomographic optical method (pulse-DOT) to derive local estimates of cerebral arterial elasticity and compared regional volumetric estimates (obtained with FreeSurfer) with optical arterial elasticity estimates from the same regions in 47 healthy adults (aged 18–75). Between-subject analyses revealed a global correlation between cortical volume and cortical arterial elasticity, which was a significant mediator of the association between age and cortical volume. Crucially, a novel within-subject analysis highlighted the spatial association between regional variability in cortical volumes and arterial elasticity in the same regions. This association strengthened with age. Gains in the predictability of cortical volumes from arterial elasticity data were obtained by sharpening the resolution up to individual cortical regions. These results indicate that some of the variance of sub-clinical age-related brain atrophy is associated with differences in the status of cerebral arteries, and can help to explain the unique patterns of brain atrophy found within each individual.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in regional cortical volumes across the life span are associated with regional optical measures of arterial elasticity

et al. 2017

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“…In one study, measurement of cardio-ankle vascular stiffness index using PWV 37 in 63 PD subjects showed no difference in cardio-ankle vascular stiffness index compared with normal controls 37 . Another study found that arterial stiffness was associated with cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in patients with PD 36 . Greater arterial stiffness was associated with orthostatic hypotension, supine hypertension, nocturnal hypertension, and nondipping 38 .…”

Section: Arterial Stiffness and Cognitive Dysfunction In Parkinson's mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The accumulated brain damage results in brain atrophy and cognitive dysfunction 30,31 . Other suggested etiologies include heart diastolic dysfunction 32 , medial temporal lobe atrophy 33 , reduced white matter integrity 34 , increased white matter hyperintensities 35 , progression of betaamyloid deposition 36 , and impaired renal function 26 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Arterial stiffness and cognitive dysfunction in alzheimer and parkinson's diseases

Kim¹

2017

J Neurol Neuromedicine

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Cognitive dysfunction and dementia are important causes of disability and mortality in the elderly population. Over a decade, many studies have found evidence that greater arterial stiffness is associated with impaired cognitive function. Stiff arteries have a direct effect on the brain microvasculature. In this review, we present evidence that arterial stiffness is linked to cognitive dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders represented by Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. We also discuss possible mechanisms of arterial stiffness and cognitive dysfunction other than the universal pathologic features of beta-amyloid for Alzheimer's disease and alpha-synuclein for Parkinson's disease.

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“…WMH are a well‐known risk factor for cognitive impairment . Cognitive impairment including dementia is also independently associated with arterial stiffness . An ABI greater than 1.30 and increased blood pressure variability are important predictors of cognitive impairment among patients without vascular diseases .…”

Section: Wmh and Arterial Stiffnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter hyperintensities and geriatric syndrome: An important role of arterial stiffness

Saji

Ogama

Toba

et al. 2015

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are defined as cerebral white matter changes presumed to be of vascular origin, bilateral and mostly symmetrical. They can appear as hyperintense on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences, and as isointense or hypointense on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. WMH have been focused on because of their clinical importance as a risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases and cognitive impairment. WMH are associated with geriatric syndrome, which is defined by clinical symptoms characteristic of older adults, including cognitive and functional impairment and falls. Cerebral small vessel diseases, such as WMH, might play an important role as risk factors for cerebrovascular diseases, cognitive impairment and geriatric syndrome through the mechanism of arterial stiffness. However, the vascular, physiological and metabolic roles of arterial stiffness remain unclear. Basically, arterial stiffness indicates microvessel arteriosclerosis presenting with vascular endothelial dysfunction. These changes might arise from hemodynamic stress as a result of a "tsunami effect" on cerebral parenchyma. In the present article, we review the clinical characteristics of WMH, focusing particularly on two associations: (i) those between cerebral small vessel diseases including WMH and arterial stiffness; and (ii) those between WMH and geriatric syndrome. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; 15 (Suppl. 1): 17-25.

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Review of ‘the Potential Role of Arterial Stiffness in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease’

Cited by 87 publications

References 114 publications

Individual differences in regional cortical volumes across the life span are associated with regional optical measures of arterial elasticity

Individual differences in regional cortical volumes across the life span are associated with regional optical measures of arterial elasticity

Arterial stiffness and cognitive dysfunction in alzheimer and parkinson's diseases

White matter hyperintensities and geriatric syndrome: An important role of arterial stiffness

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