Review of the genus Chagasia (Diptera: Culicidae: Anophelinae)

Harbach, Ralph E.; Howard, Theresa M.

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2210.1.1

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Important references used for species identifications by taxonomic groups included: Tribe Aedini ( Berlin 1969 , Schick 1970 , Zavortink 1972 , Arnell 1973 ), Anopheles ( Cova-Garcia 1961 , Zavortink 1973 , Faran 1980 , Faran & Linthicum 1981 , Wilkerson & Sallum 1999 , González & Carrejo 2007 ), Chagasia ( Harbach & Howard 2009 ), Culex ( Rozeboom & Komp 1950 , Bram 1967 , Valencia 1973 , Berlin & Belkin 1980 , Pecor et al 1992 , Sallum & Forattini 1996 ), Haemagogus ( Zavortink 1972 , Arnell 1973 ), Onirion ( Harbach & Peyton 2000 ), Psorophora ( Guedes & Souza 1964 ), Sabethes ( Harbach 1991 , Hall et al 1999 ), Trichoprosopon ( Stone 1944 , Zavortink 1979a , b ) and Wyeomyia ( Judd 1998 ) . Lane (1953) was used as a general reference.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquitoes of eastern Amazonian Ecuador: biodiversity, bionomics and barcodes

Linton

Pecor

Porter

et al. 2013

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Two snapshot surveys to establish the diversity and ecological preferences of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the terra firme primary rain forest surrounding the Tiputini Biodiversity Station in the UNESCO Yasuní Biosphere Reserve of eastern Amazonian Ecuador were carried out in November 1998 and May 1999. The mosquito fauna of this region is poorly known; the focus of this study was to obtain high quality link-reared specimens that could be used to unequivocally confirm species level diversity through integrated systematic study of all life stages and DNA sequences. A total of 2,284 specimens were preserved; 1,671 specimens were link-reared with associated immature exuviae, all but 108 of which are slide mounted. This study identified 68 unique taxa belonging to 17 genera and 27 subgenera. Of these, 12 are new to science and 37 comprise new country records. DNA barcodes [658-bp of the mtDNA cytochrome c oxidase ( COI ) I gene] are presented for 58 individuals representing 20 species and nine genera. DNA barcoding proved useful in uncovering and confirming new species and we advocate an integrated systematics approach to biodiversity studies in future. Associated bionomics of all species collected are discussed. An updated systematic checklist of the mosquitoes of Ecuador (n = 179) is presented for the first time in 60 years.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquitoes of eastern Amazonian Ecuador: biodiversity, bionomics and barcodes

Linton

Pecor

Porter

et al. 2013

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Most of the sections, series, groups and subgroups are based on non-monophyletic groups (figs 4–6 in [ 8 ]). The genus Bironella is subdivided into three subgenera, Bironella , Brugella and Neobironella [ 9 ], and Chagasia has no subgeneric classification [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny of Anophelinae using mitochondrial protein coding genes

et al. 2017

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Malaria is a vector-borne disease that is a great burden on the poorest and most marginalized communities of the tropical and subtropical world. Approximately 41 species of Anopheline mosquitoes can effectively spread species of Plasmodium parasites that cause human malaria. Proposing a natural classification for the subfamily Anophelinae has been a continuous effort, addressed using both morphology and DNA sequence data. The monophyly of the genus Anopheles, and phylogenetic placement of the genus Bironella, subgenera Kerteszia, Lophopodomyia and Stethomyia within the subfamily Anophelinae, remain in question. To understand the classification of Anophelinae, we inferred the phylogeny of all three genera (Anopheles, Bironella, Chagasia) and major subgenera by analysing the amino acid sequences of the 13 protein coding genes of 150 newly sequenced mitochondrial genomes of Anophelinae and 18 newly sequenced Culex species as outgroup taxa, supplemented with 23 mitogenomes from GenBank. Our analyses generally place genus Bironella within the genus Anopheles, which implies that the latter as it is currently defined is not monophyletic. With some inconsistencies, Bironella was placed within the major clade that includes Anopheles, Cellia, Kerteszia, Lophopodomyia, Nyssorhynchus and Stethomyia, which were found to be monophyletic groups within Anophelinae. Our findings provided robust evidence for elevating the monophyletic groupings Kerteszia, Lophopodomyia, Nyssorhynchus and Stethomyia to genus level; genus Anopheles to include subgenera Anopheles, Baimaia, Cellia and Christya; Anopheles parvus to be placed into a new genus; Nyssorhynchus to be elevated to genus level; the genus Nyssorhynchus to include subgenera Myzorhynchella and Nyssorhynchus; Anopheles atacamensis and Anopheles pictipennis to be transferred from subgenus Nyssorhynchus to subgenus Myzorhynchella; and subgenus Nyssorhynchus to encompass the remaining species of Argyritarsis and Albimanus Sections.

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“…Genus Bironella includes three subgenera, but unlike the larger subgenera of Anopheles , they are not subdivided into informal group taxa. Genus Chagasia is a small homogenous group of species that is also not subdivided (Harbach & Howard ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phylogeny of Anophelinae revisited: inferences about the origin and classification of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae)

Harbach

Kitching

2015

Zoologica Scripta

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Harbach, R.E., Kitching, I.J.. (2016). The phylogeny of Anophelinae revisited: inferences about the origin and classification of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae). -Zoologica Scripta, 45, 34-47. The evolution of anopheline mosquitoes (Culicidae: Anophelinae) has been the subject of speculation and study for decades, but a comprehensive phylogeny of these insects is far from complete. The results of phylogenetic studies based on morphological and molecular data sets are conspicuously ambiguous. Here, we revisit the phylogenetic relationships of anopheline mosquitoes using state-of-the-art software and cladistic methods to analyse the data set of Harbach & Kitching (2005). We present a refined interpretation of relationships based on analyses of a revised data set that includes an additional species. Implied weighting analyses were conducted with TNT with the concavity constant K ranging from 1 to 33. We determined the optimal K value by summing the GC supports for each MPC and selected the tree with the highest support, K = 30, as the preferred cladogram. We then collapsed the branches with GC support < 1 to obtain the 'best' topography of relationships. Genus Chagasia is the basalmost taxon of Anophelinae, and genus Anopheles is recovered as monophyletic but only if Anopheles implexus is excluded and genus Bironella is subordinated within it. The Afrotropical An. implexus is recovered as the sister to all other anophelines, and Christya Theobald, stat. nov., is elevated from synonymy with Anopheles Meigen as a subgenus to accommodate it. The other anophelines comprise two large clades. The first includes the reciprocally monophyletic subgenera Kerteszia + Nyssorhynchus; the second consists of subgenus Cellia as the sister to a heterogeneous clade that includes genus Bironella and subgenera Anopheles, Baimaia, Lophopodomyia and Stethomyia of genus Anopheles. The sister relationship of Cellia and the heterogeneous clade is lost when the branches with GC <1 are collapsed. The monophyly and non-monophyly of the informal subordinate taxa of subgenera Nyssorhynchus, Cellia and Anopheles, and also evolutionary scenarios, are discussed in relation to previous studies.

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Review of the genus Chagasia (Diptera: Culicidae: Anophelinae)

Cited by 13 publications

References 49 publications

Mosquitoes of eastern Amazonian Ecuador: biodiversity, bionomics and barcodes

Mosquitoes of eastern Amazonian Ecuador: biodiversity, bionomics and barcodes

Phylogeny of Anophelinae using mitochondrial protein coding genes

The phylogeny of Anophelinae revisited: inferences about the origin and classification of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae)

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