Review of the Effect of Surface Coating Modification on Magnesium Alloy Biocompatibility

Abstract

Magnesium alloy, as an absorbable and implantable biomaterial, has been greatly developed in the application field of biomaterials in recent years due to its excellent biocompatibility and biomechanics. However, due to the poor corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy in the physiological environment, the degradation rate will be unbalanced, which seriously affects the clinical use. There are two main ways to improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy: one is by adding alloying elements, the other is by surface modification technology. Compared with adding alloy elements, the surface coating modification has the following advantages: (1) The surface coating modification is carried out without changing the matrix elements of magnesium alloy, avoiding the introduction of other elements; (2) The corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy can be improved by relatively simple physical, chemical, or electrochemical improvement. From the perspective of corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of biomedical magnesium alloy materials, this paper summarizes the application and characteristics of six different surface coating modifications in the biomedical magnesium alloy field, including chemical conversion method, micro-arc oxidation method, sol-gel method, electrophoretic deposition, hydrothermal method, and thermal spraying method. In the last section, it looks forward to the development prospect of surface coating modification and points out that preparing modified coatings on the implant surface combined with various modification post-treatment technologies is the main direction to improve biocompatibility and realize clinical functionalization.

Comprehensive review of additively manufactured biodegradable magnesium implants for repairing bone defects from biomechanical and biodegradable perspectives

“…Surface modification affects the biodegradation rate of AM Mg alloys ( Matras, 2019 ). In response to the fast degradation rate, local alkalinization, and local gas emission of Mg alloys, a wide variety of surface modification approaches have been introduced to construct a corrosion barrier layer on the surface of the Mg alloy body to inhibit degradation ( Guo et al, 2022 ). Standard methods include physical surface coatings, surface structure, chemical modification, and a combination of these approaches ( You et al, 2021 ).…”

In Vivo Degradation Behavior of Magnesium Alloy for Bone Implants with Improving Biological Activity, Mechanical Properties, and Corrosion Resistance

“…Magnesium (Mg) alloys are used to make several artificial human body parts and implants, such as substitutes for hard tissue replacement, fracture healing aids, and fixation devices, because of their light weight, excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Implanted devices often suffer from corrosion because they are exposed to the surrounding body fluids, which typically have high ionic strength.…”

Unravelling Surface Modification Strategies for Preventing Medical Device‐Induced Thrombosis

“…Within the last five years, literature reviews about thromboresistant coatings have been published. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] However, these papers did not clearly mention how each coating material interferes and regulates the clotting cascade or indicate specific pros and cons of materials that influence the outcome of antithrombosis regulation. Therefore, the effect of material characteristics on antithrombotic activity will be emphasized and correlated with the underlying mechanisms of action in this review.…”