Review of the Early Life History of Antarctic Notothenioid Fish

North, A. W.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-76217-8_5

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Mean absolute growth rate has a value of 0.13 mm*day -1 . Similar values were found in pelagic larvae of Antarctic notothenioids (Clarke and North, 1991;Hubold, 1985;North, 1991;White and Burren, 1992). In summary, the endogenous feeding period in Patagonotothen tessellata larvae extends from hatching time until the fifth day, when the yolk reserve is totally consumed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Age validation and growth of yolked larvae of <em>Patagonotothen tessellata</em> (Richardson, 1845) (Pisces: Nototheniidae) from the rocky littoral of the Beagle Channel, Argentina

Rae¹,

Roman²,

Spinoglio³

1999

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY: Age and growth estimation of Patagonotothen tessellata larvae over the endogenous period was estimated by examining their otolith microstructure and the associated increment deposition rate. Analyzed specimens were incubated from egg-masses collected in Lapataia Bay, Beagle Channel, Argentina. Validation was performed by monitoring reared larvae of known ages. Actual age and increment count were regressed suggesting a daily deposition of one ring in the otolith, which began at hatching time and continued until larvae reached sixteen days old (time of massive mortality). Mean lengths at each age were estimated using Richards´ growth function; their constant (m) attained a value close to zero indicating that the data fitted to the von Bertalanffy model. Absolute growth rate was 0.55 mm*d -1 of total length at hatching, dropped near zero on the fifth day after hatching and afterwards, there was no growth. Yolk absorption rate (expressed as a ratio between minor axis/major axis of the vitelline-sac) showed a similar variation as that observed in absolute growth rate during the endogenous period. The total yolk absorption took five days in the unfed larvae group and seven days in the fed larvae group. The rapid absorption of the yolk and the observed growth pattern suggest that Patagonotothen tessellata larvae have a short endogenous period, reaching the state of first food uptake five days after hatching.Key words: Fish larvae, otolith, age determination, daily growth, Notothenioidea, Patagonotothen tessellata. (PISCES: NOTOTHENIIDAE) DEL LITORAL ROCOSO DEL CANAL DEL BEAGLE, ARGENTINA. -Las estimaciones de la edad y del crecimiento en larvas de Patagonotothen tessellata durante el periodo de alimentación endógena fueron realizadas analizando la microestructura de los otolitos y la tasa de deposición de incrementos. Los ejemplares analizados provienen de masas de huevos recogidas en Bahía Lapataia, Canal del Beagle, Argentina. La validación se realizó por medio del seguimiento de larvas de edad conocida mantenidas en acuarios. La regresión entre la edad real y los incrementos indicó la deposición diaria de un anillo en el otolito, comenzando al nacer y continuando hasta que las larvas tuvieron dieciséis días de edad (momento en el cual se registró la mortalidad masiva). La talla promedio en cada edad fue estimada usando el modelo de crecimiento de Richards, cuyo constante tuvo un valor cercano a cero, señalando un mejor ajuste al modelo de von Bertalanffy. La tasa absoluta de crecimiento fue de 0,55 mm d -1 de longitud total al nacer, descendió a valores cercanos a cero al quinto día, a partir del cual no se registró crecimiento alguno. El rápido consumo del vitelo junto a los patrones de crecimiento observados indican que las larvas de esta especie tienen un corto periodo de alimentación endógena, comenzando el periodo de alimentación exógena después de los cinco días de edad. RESUMEN: VALIDACIÓN DE LA EDAD Y CRECIMIENTO EN LARVAS VITELADAS DE PATAGONOTOTHEN TESSELLATAPalabras clave: Larvas de peces, otoli...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Age validation and growth of yolked larvae of <em>Patagonotothen tessellata</em> (Richardson, 1845) (Pisces: Nototheniidae) from the rocky littoral of the Beagle Channel, Argentina

Rae¹,

Roman²,

Spinoglio³

1999

Sci. Mar.

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“…Fish were then counted, visually assessed for injury and placed into a flow-through circulating seawater tank at −1.0±0.2°C, and held at these conditions until the start of the experiment (5-9 days depending on collection date). Fish were assumed to be roughly in their second year of age based on a combination of previous findings that Antarctic fish larvae metamorphose into juveniles around 30 mm from 6 to 12 months of age (North, 1991), and we observed a single ring from the central nucleus of the otolith (La Mesa et al, 1996). The sex of fish at this juvenile life-history stage could not be determined.…”

Section: Fish Collection and Maintenancementioning

confidence: 93%

“…There remains no information on physiological performance of earlier life-history stages in this species. The emerald rockcod is a benthic notothen with a broad depth range of roughly 50-400 m (Eastman, 1993), with life-history stages inhabiting different mean depths (North, 1991). The juveniles in McMurdo Sound have been observed to settle into shallower anchor ice and crevasses to avoid predation (<20 m).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Juvenile Antarctic rockcod,Trematomus bernacchii, are physiologically robust to CO2–acidified seawater

Davis

Miller

Flynn

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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To date, numerous studies have shown negative impacts of CO 2 -acidified seawater (i.e. ocean acidification, OA) on marine organisms, including calcifying invertebrates and fishes; however, limited research has been conducted on the physiological effects of OA on polar fishes and even less on the impact of OA on early developmental stages of polar fishes. We evaluated aspects of aerobic metabolism and cardiorespiratory physiology of juvenile emerald rockcod, Trematomus bernacchii, an abundant fish in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, to elevated partial pressure of carbon dioxide (P CO2 ) [420 (ambient), 650 (moderate) and 1050 (high) μatm P CO2 ] over a 1 month period. We examined cardiorespiratory physiology, including heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output and ventilation rate, whole organism metabolism via oxygen consumption rate and sub-organismal aerobic capacity by citrate synthase enzyme activity. Juvenile fish showed an increase in ventilation rate under high P CO2 compared with ambient P CO2 , whereas cardiac performance, oxygen consumption and citrate synthase activity were not significantly affected by elevated P CO2 . Acclimation time had a significant effect on ventilation rate, stroke volume, cardiac output and citrate synthase activity, such that all metrics increased over the 4 week exposure period. These results suggest that juvenile emerald rockcod are robust to near-future increases in OA and may have the capacity to adjust for future increases in P CO2 by increasing acid-base compensation through increased ventilation.

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“…After winter (in spring in September and summer), numerous fish larvae food on immature copepods (abundance which were linked with phytoplankton high level productions in summer: from November to February). Larvae have a better muscle arrangement for cruise swimming than the adults, in which slow muscles are only a minor component of the trunk muscles [9,10]. The larva C. aceratus-15-40 mm SL, grow fast with growth rate about 0.11-0.16 mm SL per day and after 6-7 months in January, could be as 8 cm postlarvae.…”

Section: Age Growth and Distribution Of The Antarctic Fish Chaenocepmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At South Georgia, egg (4.4 mm in diameter) laid demersal inshore (to 240 m depth) in late summer from February or March to May and at Elephant I. from May to June. Larvae (after 1-2 month development in egg [8,10]) hatch at about 11-17 mm TL during four months in winter from June up to spring-November [10]. Hatched larvae create…”

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confidence: 99%

Age, Growth and Distribution of the Antarctic Fish Chaenocephalus Aceratus Based on Otoliths

Traczyk¹

2015

JESE-A

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Abstract:The Chaenocephalus aceratus were sampled in summers between 1979 and 1990. Their otoliths show pattern of daily microincrements as otoliths of similar species-Pseudochaenichthys georgianus and fishes both temperate and tropical waters. Changes of the microincrements growth pattern and otolith shape are described in relation to larval, hatching and metamorphosis stages have similar patterns for Ps. georgianus and Champsocephalus gunnari, reflecting similar habitats in their early life. Width of larvae-postlarvae daily increments are: (1.0-1.6) × 10 -3 SSI, (1.8-2.8) × 10 -3 SGI and (1.5-2.4) × 10 -3 ANI. They were search and chosen automatically from density profiles of otolith tissues. Tissues were prepared by new saving time and materials way-one time up to 40 ones per microscopic glass. Age of fish estimated from microincrements was alike to that inferred from the body length distribution, otoliths mass (age (years) = 140.82 OM (g) + 0.8546) and otolith shape changes-large in length and surface on medial plane. Those parameters create age groups of close neighbours. They have different environments. C. aceratus due to its adaptation to cold water, attain rapidly large body according to a growth equation: L t = 75.1 × (1-e -0.26(t -0.51)). Among large fishes there were only females.

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Review of the Early Life History of Antarctic Notothenioid Fish

Cited by 35 publications

References 38 publications

Age validation and growth of yolked larvae of <em>Patagonotothen tessellata</em> (Richardson, 1845) (Pisces: Nototheniidae) from the rocky littoral of the Beagle Channel, Argentina

Age validation and growth of yolked larvae of <em>Patagonotothen tessellata</em> (Richardson, 1845) (Pisces: Nototheniidae) from the rocky littoral of the Beagle Channel, Argentina

Juvenile Antarctic rockcod,Trematomus bernacchii, are physiologically robust to CO2–acidified seawater

Age, Growth and Distribution of the Antarctic Fish Chaenocephalus Aceratus Based on Otoliths

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