Review of the Clinical Experiences of Feeding Infants Formula Containing the Human Milk Oligosaccharide 2′-Fucosyllactose

Reverri, Elizabeth J.; Devitt, Amy A; Kajzer, J.A.; Baggs, Geraldine; Borschel, Marlene W

doi:10.3390/nu10101346

Cited by 81 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Recently, 2 -FL and LNnT were approved for commercial supplementation. The safety, well-tolerance, and other benefits of the formula supplemented with 2 -FL (and LNnT) have been verified by several clinical trials [81,82]. These formulas may selectively promote the proliferation of bifidobacteria carrying either or both of FL and LNnT transporters.…”

Section: Milk Oligosaccharide Composition May Dictate Transporter-drimentioning

confidence: 91%

Varied Pathways of Infant Gut-Associated Bifidobacterium to Assimilate Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Prevalence of the Gene Set and Its Correlation with Bifidobacteria-Rich Microbiota Formation

et al. 2019

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The infant’s gut microbiome is generally rich in the Bifidobacterium genus. The mother’s milk contains natural prebiotics, called human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), as the third most abundant solid component after lactose and lipids, and of the different gut microbes, infant gut-associated bifidobacteria are the most efficient in assimilating HMOs. Indeed, the fecal concentration of HMOs was found to be negatively correlated with the fecal abundance of Bifidobacterium in infants. Given these results, two HMO molecules, 2′-fucosyllactose and lacto-N-neotetraose, have recently been industrialized to fortify formula milk. As of now, however, our knowledge about the HMO consumption pathways in infant gut-associated bifidobacteria is still incomplete. The recent studies indicate that HMO assimilation abilities significantly vary among different Bifidobacterium species and strains. Therefore, to truly maximize the effects of prebiotic and probiotic supplementation in commercialized formula, we need to understand HMO consumption behaviors of bifidobacteria in more detail. In this review, we summarized how different Bifidobacterium species/strains are equipped with varied gene sets required for HMO assimilation. We then examined the correlation between the abundance of the HMO-related genes and bifidobacteria-rich microbiota formation in the infant gut through data mining analysis of a deposited fecal microbiome shotgun sequencing dataset. Finally, we shortly described future perspectives on HMO-related studies.

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Section: Milk Oligosaccharide Composition May Dictate Transporter-drimentioning

confidence: 91%

Varied Pathways of Infant Gut-Associated Bifidobacterium to Assimilate Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Prevalence of the Gene Set and Its Correlation with Bifidobacteria-Rich Microbiota Formation

et al. 2019

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“…By 2019, nearly 200 US patents on adding 2 -FL as a food ingredient had been reported [157]. Recently, two detailed reviews concerning the addition of individual HMOs, namely fucosylated 2 -FL and non-fucosylated lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), to different infant formulas by Reverri and coworkers [158] and by Vandenplas and coworkers [15], respectively, were published.…”

Section: Fucosylated Hmos and Bovine Glycoproteins In Infant Formulamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Dietary Fucosylated Oligosaccharides and Glycoproteins of Human Milk on Infant Well-Being

Orczyk-Pawiłowicz

Lis-Kuberka

2020

Nutrients

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Apart from optimal nutritional value, human milk is the feeding strategy to support the immature immunological system of developing newborns and infants. The most beneficial dietary carbohydrate components of breast milk are human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and glycoproteins (HMGs), involved in both specific and nonspecific immunity. Fucosylated oligosaccharides represent the largest fraction of human milk oligosaccharides, with the simplest and the most abundant being 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL). Fucosylated oligosaccharides, as well as glycans of glycoproteins, as beneficial dietary sugars, elicit anti-adhesive properties against fucose-dependent pathogens, and on the other hand are crucial for growth and metabolism of beneficial bacteria, and in this aspect participate in shaping a healthy microbiome. Well-documented secretor status related differences in the fucosylation profile of HMOs and HMGs may play a key but underestimated role in assessment of susceptibility to fucose-dependent pathogen infections, with a potential impact on applied clinical procedures. Nevertheless, due to genetic factors, about 20% of mothers do not provide their infants with beneficial dietary carbohydrates such as 2′-FL and other α1,2-fucosylated oligosaccharides and glycans of glycoproteins, despite breastfeeding them. The lack of such structures may have important implications for a wide range of aspects of infant well-being and healthcare. In light of the above, some artificial mixtures used in infant nutrition are supplemented with 2′-FL to more closely approximate the unique composition of maternal milk, including dietary-derived fucosylated oligosaccharides and glycoproteins.

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“…2′-flucosyllactose, a HBM oligosaccharide, was recently synthesized and has been incorporated to some infant formula [60].…”

Section: Infant Formulae Supplemented With Prebioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[19]. Infant formulae containing HBM oligosaccharides have proven to be safe and well tolerated, and synthetic oligosaccharides have demonstrated to have similar effects to those of HBM oligosaccharides [60].…”

Section: Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general terms, there is no conclusive evidence supporting that supplementation of infant formulae with prebiotics exerts any protective effects against infections, colic, crying/irritability, regurgitation, or vomiting [19,32]. Fortification with 2′-flucosyllactose does seem to improve infant immunity, as it has been reported to be related to a lower incidence of infections, especially respiratory infections [60].…”

Section: Prevention and Treatment Of Infant Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probiotics and Prebiotics in Infant Formulae

Maldonado¹

2020

Prebiotics and Probiotics - Potential Benefits in Nutrition and Health

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Human breast milk provides all necessary nutrients for the development of term infants. In addition to its universally recognized nutrients, human breast milk contains a number of non-nutritive components that play a potential role in supporting infant growth. Human breast milk also contains bioactive compounds exerting a wide range of beneficial effects, such as promoting immune system maturation and exerting protection against infections. Supplementation of infant formulae with oligosaccharides and bacteria with proven beneficial health effects seems to be well-founded. The purpose of supplementation is to mimic the functional effects of oligosaccharides and bacteria found in human breast milk. Oligosaccharides with prebiotic functions and bacteria strains with probiotic functions have recently been added to infant formulae in the European Union and other countries. However, a systematic review conducted by the Committee on Nutrition of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition revealed that there is no conclusive evidence supporting the routine use of probiotic-and/or prebiotic-fortified infant formulae. The aim of this review is to analyze the scientific basis for supplementation of infant formula with these compounds.

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Review of the Clinical Experiences of Feeding Infants Formula Containing the Human Milk Oligosaccharide 2′-Fucosyllactose

Cited by 81 publications

References 49 publications

Varied Pathways of Infant Gut-Associated Bifidobacterium to Assimilate Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Prevalence of the Gene Set and Its Correlation with Bifidobacteria-Rich Microbiota Formation

Varied Pathways of Infant Gut-Associated Bifidobacterium to Assimilate Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Prevalence of the Gene Set and Its Correlation with Bifidobacteria-Rich Microbiota Formation

The Impact of Dietary Fucosylated Oligosaccharides and Glycoproteins of Human Milk on Infant Well-Being

Probiotics and Prebiotics in Infant Formulae

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