Review of the biology, uses and conservation of the critically endangered endemic Himalayan species Nardostachys jatamansi (Caprifoliaceae)

Chauhan, Harsh Kumar; Oli, Sheetal; Bisht, Anil Kumar; Meredith, Clayton; Leaman, Danna J.

doi:10.1007/s10531-021-02269-6

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Nardostachys jatamansi is a critically endangered, perennial medicinal herb of the family Caprifoliaceae ( , accessed on 16 July 2014), and is restricted to the Alpine Himalayas at an altitude of 3000 m to 5000 m above sea level [ 1 ]. As an adaptation to the high altitude cold region, this species primarily propagates through its underground rhizomes and has a 3–4 year juvenile phase, followed by a short reproductive stage and poor seed germination rate [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charged Gold Nanoparticles Promote In Vitro Proliferation in Nardostachys jatamansi by Differentially Regulating Chlorophyll Content, Hormone Concentration, and Antioxidant Activity

et al. 2022

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Nardostachys jatamansi is a critically endangered medicinal plant and endemic to the Himalayas, having high commercial demand globally. The accumulation of various secondary metabolites in its shoots and roots with antioxidant potential are well-documented in traditional as well as modern medicine systems. In the present study, we first attempted to investigate the impact of citrate (−ve charge, 11.1 ± 1.9 nm) and CTAB (+ve charge, 19.5 ± 3.2 nm) coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the in vitro proliferation and antioxidant activities of N. jatamansi. Both the nanoparticles differentially affected the morphological and biochemical parameters, chlorophyll content, internal hormone concentration, and antioxidant activities in a concentration-dependent (10–100 µM) manner. Vigorous shooting was observed in half strength MS medium supplemented with IAA (1 mg/L) with 60 µM citrate-AuNPs (46.4 ± 3.7 mm) and 40 µM CTAB-AuNPs (42.2 ± 3.2 mm). Similarly, the maximum number of roots (5.00 ± 0.67 and 5.33 ± 0.58) and root length (29.9 ± 1.5 mm and 27.3 ± 4.8 mm) was reported in half-strength MS medium with IAA (1 mg/L) supplemented with 60 µM citrate-AuNPs and 40 µM CTAB-AuNPs, respectively. In addition, plants growing on MS medium supplemented with 60 µM citrate-AuNPs and 40 µM CTAB-AuNPs showed significantly enhanced photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, and total chlorophyll), internal hormone concentration (GA3, IAA, and ABA), and antioxidant activities (total phenolics, flavonoids, DPPH, and SOD enzyme activity). Moreover, the transcript analysis of ANR1, ARF18, PLY9, SAUR28, GID1A, GRF1, SOD, and CAT further confirmed the role of 60 µM citrate-AuNPs and 40 µM CTAB-AuNPs in the improvement in the growth and antioxidant activities of N. jatamansi. Bearing in mind the urgent requirements of the effective conservation measures of this endangered species, the present findings suggest the elicitation of citrate-AuNPs and CTAB-AuNPs would significantly improve the potential applications of N. jatamansi in the medicinal plant-based industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charged Gold Nanoparticles Promote In Vitro Proliferation in Nardostachys jatamansi by Differentially Regulating Chlorophyll Content, Hormone Concentration, and Antioxidant Activity

et al. 2022

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“…nmpb.nic.in/medicinal_list). Because of the huge market demand as well as the low germination rate and short growth period, N. jatamansi is now classified as a critically endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and is also listed in the 'Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, (CITES)' (Nisha et al, 2020;Chauhan et al, 2021). Therefore, alternative approaches aimed at protecting the precious alpine perennial herb are a major priority for scientists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Himalayas, with deep valleys, high mountains, lowland plains, and the influence of summer monsoons and winter droughts, contribute to an extremely diverse ecosystem, including fauna and a great diversity of medicinal plants. Statistics show that approximately 1,748 medicinal plants were reported from the Indian Himalayan region and Chinese Himalayan region (Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Yunnan, and Sichuan) ( Chauhan et al., 2021 ). Because of the safety and lack of side effects, botanical herbs have always been important as therapeutics to treat diseases, and their market is witnessing an ever-increasing demand worldwide ( Chen et al., 2016 ; Kumar and Van Staden, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolome and transcriptome associated analysis of sesquiterpenoid metabolism in Nardostachys jatamansi

et al. 2022

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BackgroundNardostachys jatamansi, an extremely endangered valuable plant of the alpine Himalayas, can synthesize specific sesquiterpenoids with multiple effective therapies and is widely exploited for the preparation of drugs, cosmetics and even religious functions (e.g., well-known spikenard). However, how accumulation trend of the sesquiterpenoids in tissues and the molecular mechanisms underlying the production of the active ingredients are not well understood.MethodsThe single-molecule real-time (SMRT) and RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing were combined to analyse the roots, rhizomes, leaves, flowers and anthocaulus of N. jatamansi. The phytochemical analysis was performed by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC‒MS) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC).ResultsA high-quality full-length reference transcriptome with 26,503 unigenes was generated for the first time. For volatile components, a total of sixty-five compounds were successfully identified, including fifty sesquiterpenoids. Their accumulation levels in five tissues were significantly varied, and most of the sesquiterpenoids were mainly enriched in roots and rhizomes. In addition, five aromatic compounds were only detected in flowers, which may help the plant attract insects for pollination. For nonvolatile ingredients, nardosinone-type sesquiterpenoids (nardosinone, kanshone C, and isonardosinone) were detected almost exclusively in roots and rhizomes. The candidate genes associated with sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis were identified by transcriptome analysis. Consistently, it was found that most biosynthesis genes were abundantly expressed in the roots and rhizomes according to the functional enrichment and expression patterns results. There was a positive correlation between the expression profile of genes related to the biosynthesis and the accumulation level of sesquiterpenoids in tissues. Gene family function analysis identified 28 NjTPSs and 43 NjCYPs that may be involved in the biosynthesis of the corresponding sesquiterpenoids. Furthermore, gene family functional analysis and gene coexpression network analysis revealed 28 NjTPSs and 43 NjCYPs associated with nardosinone-type sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis.ConclusionOur research results reveal the framework of sesquiterpenoids accumulation and biosynthesis in plant tissues and provide valuable support for further studies to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of sesquiterpenoid regulation and accumulation in N. jatamansi and will also contribute to the comprehensive utilization of this alpine plant.

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Seed biology imperative for conservation and restoration of Swertia thomsonii C.B. Clarke—an endemic medicinal plant of Himalaya

Wani,

Magray,

Ganie

et al. 2024

Environ Monit Assess

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Review of the biology, uses and conservation of the critically endangered endemic Himalayan species Nardostachys jatamansi (Caprifoliaceae)

Cited by 14 publications

References 57 publications

Charged Gold Nanoparticles Promote In Vitro Proliferation in Nardostachys jatamansi by Differentially Regulating Chlorophyll Content, Hormone Concentration, and Antioxidant Activity

Charged Gold Nanoparticles Promote In Vitro Proliferation in Nardostachys jatamansi by Differentially Regulating Chlorophyll Content, Hormone Concentration, and Antioxidant Activity

Metabolome and transcriptome associated analysis of sesquiterpenoid metabolism in Nardostachys jatamansi

Seed biology imperative for conservation and restoration of Swertia thomsonii C.B. Clarke—an endemic medicinal plant of Himalaya

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