Review of the applications of biocomposites in the automotive industry

Akampumuza, Obed; Wambua, Paul Musili; Ahmed, Azzam; Li, Wei; Qin, Xiaohong

doi:10.1002/pc.23847

Cited by 283 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…To compensate or enhance the mechanical properties of polymers, co‐polymers or blends that got reduced by incorporation of bio‐resin, adequate reinforcement is required to develop an efficient composite with enhanced stiffness and improved thermo‐mechanical properties . The utilization of natural fibers as substitute of glass fibers in preparing polymer composites for structural application is presently drawing more attention because of their many unique and interesting features . Out of all lignocellulosic fibers, sisal has been a more preferable biofiber due to abundant availability, lower density, higher cellulosic content, higher microfibrillar angle, better tensile strength (compared with banana, jute, and flax), good interfacial strength with thermosets and being inexpensive .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of epoxidized linseed oil and sisal fibers on structure–property relationship of epoxy biocomposite

2018

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Epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) was synthesized and characterized for use as secondary component in bio‐based epoxy copolymer cured with bio‐renewable phenalkamine. Environment friendly biocomposites were developed using unidirectional sisal fibers as reinforcement in epoxy and epoxy‐ELO co‐polymer as matrices. Unidirectional sisal fibers in mat form were incorporated at [0/0] orientation within ELO‐modified epoxy in different composition (10, 20, and 30 phr of ELO) to ensure a proper balance between stiffness and toughness. Tensile, impact and flexural strength of the bio‐based epoxy composites improved significantly for 20, 30, and 10 phr of ELO respectively as compared with unmodified counterpart. The thermomechanical analysis of the biocomposites reveals improved storage modulus and damping on addition of about 10 and 20 phr of ELO bio‐resin. The morphological study shows good interfacial adhesion of matrix and fibers in bio‐based epoxy composite while a poor interface is observed in unmodified epoxy composite. This work paves the way for design and development of sustainable biocomposites of higher bio‐source content (up to 69%) for energy absorbing high strength demanding applications. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:E2595–E2605, 2018. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of epoxidized linseed oil and sisal fibers on structure–property relationship of epoxy biocomposite

2018

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“…Moreover, the certain application of natural fiber biocomposites in automotive industry has been reported in Refs. .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and optimization of tensile strength and modulus of polypropylene/kenaf fiber biocomposites using Box–Behnken response surface method

Yaghoobi

Fereidoon

2017

Polymer Composites

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The aim of this work includes modeling and optimization of the tensile properties of natural fiber biocomposites using the concept of experimental design. A three‐factor, three‐level Box–Behnken design, which is subset of the response surface methodology (RSM), has been applied to present mathematical models. The effect of three independent variables; kenaf fiber load, fiber length and polypropylene‐grafted maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MA) compatibilizer content have been investigated on the tensile strength and modulus of polypropylene/kenaf fiber/PP‐g‐MA biocomposite. These models can be used as an interesting method for analytically evaluating both the tensile strength values and their corresponding tensile modulus as function of independent variables. The optimization results, obtained using the optimization part of Design‐Expert Software, showed that the most optimal tensile strength and tensile modulus were to be 32.70 MPa and 2,182.33 MPa, respectively; and achieved at 28.95 wt% of the kenaf fiber, fiber length of 6.22 mm and PP‐g‐MA content of 5 wt%. The obtained R2 values and normal probability plots indicated a good agreement between the experimental results and those predicted by the model (above 0.95 for all the responses). Moreover, the tensile modulus of the biocomposite was analyzed by means of micromechanical models. The performance of the Halpin–Tsai and Cox–Krenchel models in predicting the tensile modulus of biocomposites was compared with available experimental results. In addition, the fracture surface morphologies and wettability of the samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle measurement, respectively. It was found that the fiber load and PP‐g‐MA compatibilizer content play a significant role in the tensile properties and morphology of the biocomposites, as proven by SEM and contact angle measurement. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:E463–E479, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…[42] Recent studies have indicated that the market of NFs in the automotive industry is growing at more than 20% per year, in which the European manufactures are the leaders at their implementing. [43] Advanced green composites typically present lower density over conventional GFRPs, which allows production of lightweight parts with the advantage of fuel and cost saving. [3,44] package trays, and dashboards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of compression‐molded green composite sheets made of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) reinforced with long pita fibers

et al. 2016

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Novel green composites were successfully prepared from bacterial poly(3hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and pita fibers derived from the agave plant (Agave americana). Various weight contents (10, 20, 30, and 40 wt.-%) of pita fibers at different lengths (5, 15, and 20 mm) were successfully incorporated into PHB by compression molding. The newly prepared PHB/pita fibers composite sheets were characterized in terms of their mechanical and thermomechanical properties and then related to their morphology after fracture. Attained results indicated that the mechanical stiffness of PHB significantly improved with both the content and length of pita fibers, although ductile properties were reduced. In particular, the elastic modulus of the 40 wt.-% PHB composite sheets containing 20-mm-long pita fibers was approximately 55% higher than the unfilled PHB sheet. Shore D hardness also improved, achieving the shortest pita fibers the highest improvement. Pita fibers with lengths of 15 and 20 mm also increased the Vicat softening point and heat deflection temperature (HDT) by 38 and 21°C, respectively. Due to their optimal shape, it is concluded that pita fibers with lengths above 15 mm can potentially reinforce and improve the performance of PHB biopolymer. In addition, the compression-molding methodology described in this research work represents a cost-effective pathway to feasibly prepare long-fiberreinforced thermoplastics (LFRTs) fully based on renewable raw materials. Resultant green composite sheets can be of interest for the development of sustainable parts in the automotive industry and other advanced applications in polymer technology. K E Y W O R D S automotive parts, compression molding, green composites, pita fibers, polyhydroxyalkanoates F I G U R E 6 Thermomechanical properties of the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) composite sheets as function of the pita fiber content in weight (wt.-%) at different lengths in terms of (a) Vicat softening point; (b) heat deflection temperature (HDT)

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Review of the applications of biocomposites in the automotive industry

Cited by 283 publications

References 86 publications

Influence of epoxidized linseed oil and sisal fibers on structure–property relationship of epoxy biocomposite

Influence of epoxidized linseed oil and sisal fibers on structure–property relationship of epoxy biocomposite

Modeling and optimization of tensile strength and modulus of polypropylene/kenaf fiber biocomposites using Box–Behnken response surface method

Preparation and characterization of compression‐molded green composite sheets made of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) reinforced with long pita fibers

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