Review of tellurite glasses purification issues for mid‐IR optical fiber applications

Abstract

We reviewed the tellurite glass purification studies performed over the last 20 years, in particular dealing with the mid-infrared transmission performances. Best results are obtained under rich O 2 atmosphere with platinum crucibles although Gibbs energy calculations show that other crucibles material are possible such as gold or alumina. From the point of view of the thermodynamics of involved oxidation reactions only, we identified the suitable conditions based on Gibbs energy calculations to be a synthesis temperature set above 900K and a O 2 pressure around 10 5 Pa. The performances of the different purification technics were also compared. Finally, we analyzed the tellurite fibers recently optimized for mid-infrared which present low attenuation up to 4 µm allowing supercontinuum generation up to 5 µm.

Physicochemical Properties and Fiber-Drawing Ability of Tellurite Glasses in the TeO2-ZnO-Y2O3 Ternary System

“…The shift of the UV edge, which causes a yellow coloration in tellurite glasses while they are initially colorless [ 29 , 30 ], is usually attributed to the presence of platinum within the glass matrix. This pollution originates from the crucible used for synthesis.…”

“…Pt dissolution into the glass occurs during the melting procedure due to corrosive reactions between the hot liquid glass and the crucible. It is promoted by the oxidizing conditions during glass synthesis, and can be reduced or controlled depending on the redox conditions of the synthesis [ 30 ]. This phenomenon is for instance observed in Pt crucible-grown TeO 2 single crystals [ 31 ] or in phosphate glasses melted in Pt crucibles [ 32 ].…”

Octave-spanning coherent supercontinuum generation in a step-index tellurite fiber and towards few-cycle pulse compression at 2 μm

“…The synthesis and quenching of the glass preform are performed in a glove box under dry atmosphere to avoid any water contaminations from the environment. To further reduce the presence of hydroxyl compounds and limit the mid-IR absorption of the fiber, zinc fluoride is added to the core composition [28]. TZNF and TZNG glasses are synthesized from high purity precursors.…”

Quantitative calculation and prediction of the optical and spectroscopic properties of Er<sup>3+</sup>-doped tellurite glass

“…本文以 [5,10] ; 或从第一性原理出发, 结合结构搜索算 法, 遍历不同原子比例下所形成的化合物, 再从热力 学和动力学角度综合判断是否为一致熔融化合物 [11,12] . [13] 和 BaO-TeO 2 [14] 二元相图(如 [ 16 ] 计算; 峰 值 受 激 发 射 截 面 按 式 (3) 的 Fuchtbauer-Ladenburg [17] [18] , OH -吸收峰较宽. OH -吸收系数和 OH -浓度能直接反应 OH -含量, 分别由公式( 6)和公式 (7)计算 [19] :…”