Review of synergic meteor observations: linking the results from cameras, ionosondes, infrasound and seismic detectors

Abstract

The joint evaluation of different meteor observation types supports a better understanding of both meteor phenomena and the terrestrial atmosphere. Two types of examples are presented in this work, linking ionospheric effects to specific meteors, with almost one-third of the meteors that emerged at high altitudes simultaneously recorded with an optical camera. Very few such observations have been realized as yet. With daytime fireballs, the recorded infrasound effect and the atmospheric blast produced shock-wave-related small earthquakes which were identified by a network of ground stations. An overview of these observational types highlights specific topics for which substantial improvements and discoveries are expected in the near future.

Multi-instrumental detection of a fireball during Leonids of 2019

“…The trace on the ionogram at 04:16:00 resembles the pattern of a sporadic E layer (Figure 3) similar to those described in other studies (Maruyama et al, 2003;Maruyama et al, 2008;Schult et al, 2015;Kereszturi et al, 2021;Vierinen et al, 2022). However, the trace differs in almost all respects from the regular sporadic E layer's behavior (see Section 3.4), it was detected as a very thin layer up to high frequency range.…”

“…In the study, these echo traces are attributed to Fresnel scattering by increased plasma density in the meteor's trail supported by extensive analysis and visual observations. In summary, this means that it is possible to detect meteors with ionosondes (Kereszturi et al, 2021) because of the ionization they cause. These traces have a generally short lifetime and usually have an ionization (maximum frequency on the ionograms) exceeding that of regular sporadic E layers (in the Maruyama et al (2003) the traces accepted as meteors are those above 5 MHz), and also different in height (Maruyama et al, 2003).…”

Regionális zivatarok azonosítása és követése infrahanghullámok segítségével

“…Az ábrán is látható meganynyi észlelés közül csak a töredékük eredete ismert. A már említett mikrobaromokon kívül többek között repülőgépeké, bolidáké (Kereszturi et al, 2021), vulkánkitöréseké, robbanásoké, valamint bányarobbantásoké (Czanik et al, 2021). Évente kiadásra kerül a szeizmikus és infrahangjelek együttes feldolgozásával a Magyarországi Szeizmo-Akusztikus Bulletin [4], (Bondár et al, 2019), mely a hazai és a környező országok bányarobbantásainak azon részét tartalmazza, melyeket mind a két technológia regisztrált.…”

The Scientific Observation Campaign of the Hayabusa-2 Capsule Re-entry

“…The understanding of the physical processes that occur during the atmospheric entry, from before the visible meteor phenomena begins, to the free fall stage after ablation ceases, is still mostly theoretical. Rare observations have been obtained post-hoc, for example where meteorites have been recovered and recorded infrasound and seismic data has then been investigated (Brown et al 2008), or occasional serendipitous ionosonde measurements, as reviewed by (Kereszturi et al 2021). However, larger events that typically come from asteroidal sources are rare and unpredictable.…”