Review of stress fields in Zirconium alloys corrosion scales

Guérain, Mathieu; Duriez, Christian; Grosseau-Poussard, Jean-Luc; Mermoux, Michel

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2015.03.004

Cited by 67 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For both alloys, the tetragonal phase fraction at the top surface of the oxide layer decreased at about the same rate as transition approached, but relatively there is a higher tetragonal phase fraction on the top surface found in Zr-4 than ZIRLO. The results are reconfirmed the reported trends in the residual stresses and tetragonal phase reported by Polatidis [28] , Panicuad [29] and Gurain [30] . The origin for the difference in the absolute tetragonal phase fraction is not understood yet given that both Zr alloys have similar alloying except Nb and Cr.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…However, the tetragonal phase fraction on the top surface decreases with corrosion, which could be suggesting that an additional interaction between the newly formed tetragonal phases at the metal/oxide interface and the previously-formed tetragonal phase at the top surface of the oxide should be taken into consideration, alongside the idea that the large compressive stress stabilises the tetragonal phase content near the metal/oxide interface as proposed by most models [10,21,22,26,[28][29][30] . However, our results have shown…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some researchers have demonstrated that the large compressive stress in the oxide layer can result in creep of the entire corrosion film [18,19,26,28,29] , the large gradient of the stress relaxation in the oxide suggests that additional mechanisms could be responsible for this stress relaxation. The stress relaxation process could be induced by the development of cracks and porosity in the oxide layers, and subsequent delamination of the oxide layers which degrades the protective properties of the oxide [22,26,30] and may lead to the increase in corrosion rate post-transition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is essential to note that the tetragonal phase in the oxide is not uniformly distributed and is concentrated at the region near the metal/oxide interface. Thus one should consider the role of the high local stress in stabilising the tetragonal phase [20,28,30] , and the steep gradient of macroscopic stress reported in this study. In addition, TEM observations in related work [14] suggested that the equiaxial grains on top surface could be transformed from tetragonal to monoclinic, as the transformation needs higher stress to achieve it [22,31] .…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of stress fields and phase content in corroded zirconium cladding materials

Chong

Fitzpatrick

2017

Surface and Coatings Technology

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In this study, the evolution of stress fields and structural phase composition have been studied using Raman spectroscopy pre-and post-transition in the oxide layer of recrystallised ZIRLO and recrystallised zircaloy-4 (Zr-4) after corrosion exposure in a static autoclave. The structural phase composition analysis showed that the proportion of the tetragonal zirconia phase on the surface decreased with increasing corrosion time. High compressive stresses were found in the thin oxide, increasing with corrosion time, reaching a maximum in the transition period and decreasing slightly after that. The results show the relationship between the crystallographic phase and the residual stresses developed in the oxide.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evolution of stress fields and phase content in corroded zirconium cladding materials

Chong

Fitzpatrick

2017

Surface and Coatings Technology

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“…In case of loss of primary coolant accident in a light water reactor, the zirconium alloys fuel cladding would be oxidized in air and steam mixtures at high temperatures. From the recent literature review of Guerain and co-workers [21] it appears that no growth stress determinations have been performed on Zircaloy-4 (Zy-4) in dry air or in air/steam gas mixtures close to operating conditions at 500°C. The key parameter for the understanding the effect of water vapour on the oxidation mechanism is the determination of the stress level in the zirconia scale and in the Zy-4 substrate at high temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of water vapour on the zircaloy-4 oxidation at high temperature - Stress determination by in situ X-Ray diffraction

Buscail¹,

Rolland²,

Issartel³

2015

Ann. Chim. Sci. Mat.

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Abstract-A key parameter for the understanding the effect of water vapour on the oxidation mechanism is the determination of the stress level in the monoclinic zirconia scale and in the Zircaloy-4 (Zy-4) substrate at high temperature. In order to provide an accurate description of the microstructure of the oxide layers, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses have been performed in situ under dry and wet oxidizing environments at high temperature on Zy-4 flat sheet samples. The aim of the present work is to show the influence of water vapour on the stress developed at high temperature in the oxide scale as well as inside the alloy. The stress evolution during cooling to room temperature has also been determined.Résumé -Le niveau de contrainte généré au sein de la couche de zircone monoclinique sur le Zircaloy-4 (Zy-4) à haute température est un paramètre clé de la compréhension de l'effet de la vapeur d'eau sur le mécanisme d'oxydation mis en jeu. Afin de donner une description précise de la microstructure des couches d'oxyde nous avons utilisé la diffraction des rayons X (DRX) in situ sous air sec et sous air humide sur des échantillons plans de Zy-4 à haute température. Le but de ce travail est de déterminer l'influence de la vapeur d'eau sur les contraintes de croissance dans la couche de zircone monoclinique ainsi que dans le substrat métallique. Nous avons aussi étudié l'évolution des contraintes au cours du refroidissement.

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Raman imaging in corrosion science: High‐temperature oxidation of the zirconium alloys used in the nuclear industry as an example

Mermoux

Duriez

2021

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Successive technological improvements have made Raman imaging systems very efficient. Raman imaging applications now cover a wide range of scientific fields, including high-temperature materials corrosion, also known as dry corrosion. The analysis of the phenomena occurring during corrosion requires knowledge in metallurgy, thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, solid-state chemistry, and physics. Part of this information (crystallographic phases, stress state, oxygen transport, etc.) can be obtained, at least qualitatively, from the analysis of Raman images of the oxidation layer. Throughout this paper, we consider as a prototypal example the oxidation of a particular zirconium alloy, Zircaloy-4, used in the nuclear industry as cladding materials in light-water reactors. Through some examples, the aim of the present paper is to describe what kind of information this method can bring, to review its merits and weaknesses. The analysis protocols methods described herein are not exhaustive, but most probably represent a simple way to read and understand the Raman images. These few examples show that rather subtle details that concern phase distribution, strain, and oxygen transport can effectively be captured by this method. Most probably, Raman imaging may be applied to other alloys or systems as well.

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Review of stress fields in Zirconium alloys corrosion scales

Cited by 67 publications

References 27 publications

Evolution of stress fields and phase content in corroded zirconium cladding materials

Evolution of stress fields and phase content in corroded zirconium cladding materials

Influence of water vapour on the zircaloy-4 oxidation at high temperature - Stress determination by in situ X-Ray diffraction

Raman imaging in corrosion science: High‐temperature oxidation of the zirconium alloys used in the nuclear industry as an example

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