Review of Stationary Energy Storage Systems Applications, Their Placement, and Techno-Economic Potential

Abstract

Purpose of Review This review paper attempts to give a general overview on the BESS applications that demonstrate a high potential in the past few years, identifying most relevant operators — or providers — with the corresponding placement for such. Together with a description of value proposition schemes, observed trends, and research fields, a collection of relevant project references is gathered. Recent Findings Many publications and communications try to describe the services that battery energy storage systems can provide to each of the stakeholders, even though they might greatly differ based on national regulatory frameworks. The actual most relevant 6 applications in the view of the authors are described in more detail. Summary In this paper, there has been pointed special attention on the BESS opportunities for each operator and their corresponding potential on revenue stacking. Additionally, the most important identified scientific papers for the 6 most important applications in the view of the authors are presented.

Private and External Costs and Benefits of Replacing High-Emitting Peaker Plants with Batteries

“…While the hypothetical BESS studied here are sized and operated based on the need for peaker replacement, operators would be free to take advantage of other revenue-generating activities through arbitrage and the provision of grid services. BESS can engage in a variety of revenue-generating activities, and based on available information on the size and value of these markets, we identified arbitrage and frequency regulation as the most attractive options in the near term. ,− We determined the revenue and emission impacts associated with arbitrage using a similar optimization approach to that previously described for predicting charging and discharging behavior (described in Procedure S3). In addition to arbitrage, providing grid services can serve as a source of substantial revenue for BESS.…”

Harmful effects of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway: scale-up tests from cell to second-life modules

“…Globally, the installed battery power capacity has increased over the last few years, 1 with a further increase expected, especially in the USA 2 and Europe. 3 Stationary energy storage system applications are relevant to power stations, industrial consumers, and residential buildings, optimizing the time-of-use/energy cost 4 in the case of own energy co-production. Further, the use of second-life batteries for stationary applications after the end of their first intended life, e.g.…”

Optimizing Transmission Infrastructure Investments to Support Line De-energization for Mitigating Wildfire Ignition Risk

“…The scale of these investments motivates the development of algorithms for optimally siting and sizing new power system infrastructure in a wildfire context. There is an extensive literature on siting and sizing various power system components with the aim of reducing generation costs and providing ancillary services [22]- [28], improving reliability [23], deferring capital investments [23], [28], etc. However, the wildfire setting presents a key challenge that differs from this prior literature, namely, that the infrastructure investments will be operated to support future PSPS events.…”