Review of Simulation Techniques for Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES)

Abstract

This report was prepared as an account of w o rk sponsored by the U nited States Government. Neither the U nited States nor the Department of Energ y . nor any of their employees, nor any of t heir co ntractors, subcontractors, or their empl oy ees. mak es any warrant y . express or implied , or assumes an v legalliabilit\ or responsibility for the accuracy , completeness or usefulness o f any iniormation, apparatus. product or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe pri va tely owned rights.The views. opinions and conclusions contained in this report are those oi the contractor and do not necessarily represent those of the United States Government or the United States Department of Energ y.

Comparison between two- and one-field models for natural convection in porous media

“…( 11), k B is the thermal dispersion tensor generated by the #uid convective #uctuation in the interstices (Georgiadis & Catton, 1988). This tensor is expressed (see Mercer, Faust, Miller, & Pearson, 1982;Amiri & Vafai, 1994;Howle & Georgiadis, 1994),…”

Geothermal dynamic constraints of groundwater source heat pump system in shallow aquifers

“…The soil moisture effect on the thermal conductivity has been investigated through a series of experiments (Horton and Wierenga, 1984). The simulation technology of aquifer energy storage has been discussed and the simulation accuracy has been improved by mixed finite element simulation in soil water flow and heat transport (Chounet et al, 1999;Mercer et al, 1982).…”

Initial study of thermal energy storage in unconfined aquifers. [UCATES]

“…Most studies on Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage chill storage in confined aquifers (Tsang et al (A'mS) deal with heat or 1980; Mercer et al 1982) • Particularly for the case of deep confined aquifers, relatively high recovery rates of thermal energy seem possible. For such deep aquifers, the design of a thermal energy system may be based on a single well to be used for both injection and recovery of hot water.…”