Review of Significant Works in Assessment of Ground Water Vulnerability in India

Abstract

Abstract-Ground water pollution is the artificially induced degradation of natural ground water quality. In India, water pollution is a serious problem as almost 70% of its surface water resources and the ground water reserves are already contaminated by biological, organic and inorganic pollutants. Vulnerability mapping is a technique for quantifying the sensitivity of the resource to its environment, and as a practical visualization tool for decision-making. In recent years, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Optimised DRASTIC index method, neural networks and fuzzy logic techniques and other mathematical and statistical methods have been used for the assessment of GW vulnerability across the world using several hydrological database of concerned basin. This paper reviews the significant research work of groundwater vulnerability assessment done in different states of India.