Review of Shale Gas Transport Prediction: Basic Theory, Numerical Simulation, Application of AI Methods, and Perspectives

Jiang, Zhiyuan; Wang, Wenkai; Zhu, Huangyi; Yin, Ying; Qu, Zhiguo

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c03620

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…93 It is a computational method developed based on force fields and Newtonian mechanics, allowing for direct computation of intermolecular interactions. In principle, it can simulate the properties of any fluid system, 52 such as calculating the transport behavior and diffusion coefficients of coalbed gas. 94 Furthermore, the key parameters used in the calculations have been validated through experiments and quantum mechanical computations, including potential energy models, force fields, and electric fields.…”

Section: Gas Diffusion With Molecular Dynamics (Md) Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reviews on Simulation Studies of Coalbed Gas Recovery and Transport Processes

Wang,

Lin,

Zhao

2023

Energy Fuels

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Coal and shale contain enormous natural gas resources. The reservoir structures are complex, with an extensive distribution of micropores and nanopores, leading to intricate gas transport mechanisms. Simulation methods play a crucial role in unraveling the complex transport phenomena associated with coal-bed methane and shale gas. This Review examines the recent advances in simulating gas transport in porous media for predicting gas migration. It discusses the fundamental theories of gas transport in nanoscale pores, encompassing the gas transport mechanisms in porous media and the fundamental equations involved in the simulation methods. Furthermore, a review is provided on the molecular dynamics (MD) and lattice Boltzmann methods. Emphasis is placed on the methods of pore reconstruction, including pore volume, pore size, and pore shape, and their application in diffusion and transport. The advantages and limitations of these two simulation modeling methods are also discussed. The application of various coupled methods in the study of gas transport in porous media is explored, with a key focus on appropriately handling scale translations in flow modeling. This work enhances the understanding of coalbed gas transport and dispersion behavior by summarizing simulation methods for coalbed gas and shale gas transport. Coal reservoirs, compared to shale, exhibit different gas pressures and organic compositions. Hence, the gas transport mechanisms in coal nanopores are still not fully understood. Further research and analysis are needed to investigate how shale gas models can be applied to coalbed gas.

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Section: Gas Diffusion With Molecular Dynamics (Md) Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Division of flow and diffusion regions: (a) classification of flow regions based on Kn; (b) classification of diffusion regions based on Kn . [Panel (b) has been adapted from ref .…”

Section: Theoretical Foundations Of Gas Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviews on Simulation Studies of Coalbed Gas Recovery and Transport Processes

Wang,

Lin,

Zhao

2023

Energy Fuels

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“…Shale gas reservoirs store natural gas as adsorbed gas on the rock surface and as free gas within the pores of the rock, , with a small fraction of natural gas in kerogen, bitumen, or dissolved in pore water . Adsorbed gas typically adheres to the pore surface of organic matter, and the adsorbed gas content is 20 to 85% of the total storage volume . The small pores in shales have a large ratio of pore inner surface area to pore volume, which makes gas flow processes that depend on surface area, including sorption and diffusion, significant processes .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Adsorbed gas typically adheres to the pore surface of organic matter, and the adsorbed gas content is 20 to 85% of the total storage volume. 9 The small pores in shales have a large ratio of pore inner surface area to pore volume, which makes gas flow processes that depend on surface area, including sorption and diffusion, significant processes. 11 Therefore, it is important to understand the sorption behavior and transport processes controlling natural gas movement in shales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying Gas Storage and Transport in an Intact Core Sample Using Low-Field NMR and Pressure Measurements

Heagle,

Walsh,

Sgro

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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Quantifying gas movement through low-permeability rocks is important for shale gas resource evaluation as well as characterizing cap rocks for reservoirs storing natural gas, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen gas. In this study, we used an established NMRbased method to determine the ethane gas adsorption isotherm for an intact core plug of Bakken shale, with measurements carried out at 0.3, 1.4, 2.8, and 4.2 MPa. The results showed that there was ten times more ethane mass adsorbed to the sample compared to the ethane mass in the pores at 4.2 MPa. Next, we expanded the methodology to take advantage of the steady state between the core plug and gas in the NMR sample chamber at 4.2 MPa. The chamber was rapidly degassed to a gauge pressure of 0.061 MPa and shut-in. NMR measurements were used to quantify the gas adsorbed to the rock and the gas in the pores of the rock, while gas pressure measurements were made until the pressure reached a new steady state of 0.14 MPa after 21 h. The NMR measurements showed that one-third of the ethane measured at 4.2 MPa remained sorbed to the rock, indicating two-thirds of the ethane had desorbed. A numerical model of the degassing core was created by using TOUGH2 to simulate the desorption of ethane from the core and the movement of ethane out of the core by advection and diffusion. The model confirmed the affinity for ethane to remain adsorbed to the rock even when the pressure was lowered, suggesting enhanced gas recovery techniques may be required to remove a larger proportion of adsorbed gas in tight shale formations. The understanding of adsorption/desorption, permeability, effective porosity, and diffusion coefficient can be applied to reservoir models at reservoir conditions to improve estimates of gas recovery in tight rock reservoirs.

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Novel methodology to couple decline curve analysis with CFD reservoir simulations for complex shale gas reservoirs

Khadri,

Al‐Marri,

Nasser

et al. 2024

Can J Chem Eng

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Shale reservoirs are highly complex and are difficult to study using conventional reservoir simulation tools. This study introduces a novel methodology for estimating production from complex shale gas reservoirs by coupling decline curve analysis (DCA) with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The proposed method uses exponential DCA to analyze production data from a dual porosity–permeability shale gas transport model. These complexities include fracture characteristics, geomechanical properties, nanopore confinement effects, and multiple flow mechanisms contributing to the total production performance. The shale gas transport model is validated through historical production data from Marcellus shale. The new methodology also tests fracture characteristics. It shows that increased porosity and permeability will increase the recoverable reserves but will have varying effects on the decline rate. The paper demonstrates the advantages of the proposed methodology over conventional reservoir simulation tools. It provides insights into the factors affecting shale gas production performance through the inclusion of the complexities of an unconventional shale gas reservoir. The paper provides a proof of concept on the particular reservoir of which the field data is provided—Barnett and Marcellus Shale.

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Review of Shale Gas Transport Prediction: Basic Theory, Numerical Simulation, Application of AI Methods, and Perspectives

Cited by 14 publications

References 152 publications

Reviews on Simulation Studies of Coalbed Gas Recovery and Transport Processes

Reviews on Simulation Studies of Coalbed Gas Recovery and Transport Processes

Quantifying Gas Storage and Transport in an Intact Core Sample Using Low-Field NMR and Pressure Measurements

Novel methodology to couple decline curve analysis with CFD reservoir simulations for complex shale gas reservoirs

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