Review of seed pelletizing strategies for arid land restoration

Gornish, Elise S.; Arnold, H.A.; Fehmi, Jeffrey S.

doi:10.1111/rec.13045

Cited by 48 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Seed coating technologies, particularly when combined with beneficial biological and chemical active ingredients or protectants, can play a role in the success of seed‐based restoration programs (Table ) by targeting specific challenges that limit plant recruitment on a site, such as variable soil moisture, low soil nutrients, pests, and diseases (Gornish et al ). For example, the inclusion of a soil surfactant agent in the coating of Pseudoroegneria spicata (bluebunch wheatgrass), for post‐fire restoration in the northwestern United States, improved seedling emergence and plant survival in water repellent soil (Madsen et al ).…”

Section: Seed Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed enhancement: getting seeds restoration‐ready

Pedrini

Balestrazzi

Madsen

et al. 2020

Restoration Ecology

106

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Seed enhancement technologies such as seed priming and seed coating, developed by the agricultural seed industry, are standard procedures for the majority of crop and horticultural seeds. However, such technologies are only just being evaluated for native plant seeds despite the potential benefits of such treatments for improving restoration effectiveness. Key approaches applicable to native seed include: (1) seed priming, where seeds are hydrated under controlled conditions, and (2) seed coating, in which external materials and compounds are applied onto seeds through a diversity of treatments. These technologies are commonly employed to accelerate and synchronize germination and to improve seed vigor, seedling emergence, establishment, and to facilitate mechanized seed delivery to site, through standardizing seed size and shape. Seed enhancement technologies have now been tested on native seeds to overcome logistical and ecological barriers in restoration. However, further research is needed to extend the application of seed enhancements to a broader array of species, ecosystems, and regions as well as to evaluate new and innovative approaches such as the incorporation of beneficial soil microorganisms and plant growth regulators in the coatings. As techniques in native seed enhancement develop, these approaches need to be capable of being scaled‐up to provide the tonnages of seed required for global restoration.

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Section: Seed Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed enhancement: getting seeds restoration‐ready

Pedrini

Balestrazzi

Madsen

et al. 2020

Restoration Ecology

106

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“…Seed pellets, or the addition of filler materials to increase seed size and weight, are one such seed enhancement technology that may improve germination and establishment of wetland species in the field. Seed pellets originated in agriculture, but have more recently been applied in terrestrial restoration ( Figure 5F; Madsen et al, 2016a,b;Gornish et al, 2019). Although there is little research on the effectiveness of these pellets in wetland ecosystems, they have the potential to minimize seed loss due to seed buoyancy or wave action and improve germination of low-vigor seeds by incorporating materials such as plant growth regulators into the pellet filler material (Tilley and Hoag, 2006).…”

Section: Seed Priming and Seed Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Need to Seed? Ecological, Genetic, and Evolutionary Keys to Seed-Based Wetland Restoration

Kettenring

Tarsa

2020

Front. Environ. Sci.

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As we approach the Decade of Ecosystem Restoration (2021-2030), there is renewed focus on improving wetland restoration practices to reestablish the habitat and climate mitigation functions and services that wetlands provide. A first step in restoring these functions and services is to reestablish the native vegetation structure and composition through strategic seed-based approaches. These approaches should be driven by ecological, genetic, and evolutionary principles, along with consideration for economics, logistics, and other social constraints. Effective seed-based approaches must consider the chosen species, seed sourcing, dormancy break and germination requirements, seed enhancement technologies, potential invaders, seeding densities, and long-term monitoring. Choice of species should reflect historical plant communities and future environmental conditions, species that support functional goals including invasion resistance, and seed availability constraints. Furthermore, seeds should be sourced to ensure ample genetic diversity to support multifunctionality and evolutionary capacity while also considering the broad natural dispersal of many wetland species. The decision to collect wild seeds or purchase seeds will also impact species choice and genetic diversity, which can have cascading effects for functional goals. To ensure seedling establishment, seed dormancy should be addressed through dormancy breaking treatments and the potentially narrow germination requirements of some species will require targeted sowing timing and location to align with safe sites. Other seed enhancements such as priming and coatings are poorly developed for wetland restoration and their potential for improving establishment is unknown. Because wetlands are highly invasion prone, potential invaders and their legacies should be addressed. Seeding densities should strike a balance between outcompeting invaders and preserving valuable seed resources. Invader control and long-term monitoring is key to improving revegetation and restoration. Here, we review scientific advances to improve revegetation outcomes, and provide methods and recommendations to help achieve the desired goals. Gaps in knowledge about seed-based wetland restoration currently exist, however, and untested practices will certainly increase risks in future efforts. These efforts can be used to better understand the ecological, genetic, and evolutionary processes related to wetland seeds, which will bring us one step closer to seed-based restoration of functions and services needed for human and ecological communities.

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“…Seed pellets (also known as pods, seed balls and seed bombs), which are an aggregation of clay, soil, water, and multiple seeds, have been used in terrestrial restoration [ 76 , 77 ] and have been successfully used with emergent plants in wetlands ( Typha seeds; Moreno L., pers. comm., Figure 2 a).…”

Section: Procedures Approaches In Revegetation With Hydrophytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wetland Restoration with Hydrophytes: A Review

Rodrigo

2021

Plants

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Restoration cases with hydrophytes (those which develop all their vital functions inside the water or very close to the water surface, e.g., flowering) are less abundant compared to those using emergent plants. Here, I synthesize the latest knowledge in wetland restoration based on revegetation with hydrophytes and stress common challenges and potential solutions. The review mainly focusses on natural wetlands but also includes information about naturalized constructed wetlands, which nowadays are being used not only to improve water quality but also to increase biodiversity. Available publications, peer-reviewed and any public domain, from the last 20 years, were reviewed. Several countries developed pilot case-studies and field-scale projects with more or less success, the large-scale ones being less frequent. Using floating species is less generalized than submerged species. Sediment transfer is more adequate for temporary wetlands. Hydrophyte revegetation as a restoration tool could be improved by selecting suitable wetlands, increasing focus on species biology and ecology, choosing the suitable propagation and revegetation techniques (seeding, planting). The clear negative factors which prevent the revegetation success (herbivory, microalgae, filamentous green algae, water and sediment composition) have to be considered. Policy-making and wetland restoration practices must more effectively integrate the information already known, particularly under future climatic scenarios.

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Review of seed pelletizing strategies for arid land restoration

Cited by 48 publications

References 32 publications

Seed enhancement: getting seeds restoration‐ready

Seed enhancement: getting seeds restoration‐ready

Need to Seed? Ecological, Genetic, and Evolutionary Keys to Seed-Based Wetland Restoration

Wetland Restoration with Hydrophytes: A Review

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