Review of Roundup Ready Alfalfa

Undersander, D. J.; Martin, Ned H.; Hall, M. H.; Mueller, Shannon

doi:10.1094/fg-2009-1019-01-rv

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Due to the fact that most of the above-mentioned aspects were similar or identical, similar values of the parameter were observed between all the varieties. The obtained average of 23 varieties (6.56%) is very close to 6%, which Undersander [53] gives as the average value of ash content in grasses, especially forage grasses. A similar value is given by Biedermann and Obernberger [54], who claim that grass, in general, contains 7% ash.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Determination of Energy Parameters and Their Variability between Varieties of Fodder and Turf Grasses

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Due to the need to diversify energy sources and transform the energy system and its decarbonization, new paths for obtaining raw materials are being sought. One of the potential options is to increase the use of grasses’ share in bioenergy production, which has a significant area potential. However, the diversified chemical composition of grasses and their anatomical heterogeneity mean that, between the various cultivars and species, the parameters determining their energetic usefulness may differ significantly, hence the key is to know the appropriate parameters at the variety level of a given species in order to effectively carry out the combustion process. In this experiment, a total of 23 varieties of seven grass species (Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), Red Fescue (Festuca rubra L.), Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), Meadow Fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.), Timothy (Phleum pratense L.), Common Bent (Agrostis capillaris L.), Sheep Fescue (Festuca ovina L.), which had not yet been evaluated in terms of energy utilization, were tested. Proximate analysis showed the average ash content was in the range of 5.73–8.31%, the content of volatile matter in the range of 70.99–82.29% and the content of fixed carbon in the range of 5.96–17.19%. Higher heating value and lower heating value of grasses ranged from 16,548 kJ∙kg−1–18,616 kJ∙kg−1, 15,428 kJ∙kg−1–17453 kJ∙kg−1, respectively. The Sheep Fescue turned out to be the most useful species for combustion. It has been shown that there may be statistically significant differences in the parameters determining their combustion suitability between the various varieties of a given species of grass. Therefore the major finding of this work shows that it is necessary to need to know theparameters of a given variety is necessary to optimize the combustion process and maintain the full energy efficiency of the system (especially lower heating value).

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Determination of Energy Parameters and Their Variability between Varieties of Fodder and Turf Grasses

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cover crop system crude protein (CP) concentration was calculated by multiplying the tissue N concentration by 6.25. The relative feed value (RFV) for each cover crop system was estimated based on digestible dry matter (DDM) and dry matter intake (DMI) using the following equations below (Undersander et al ., 1993). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cool-season cover crop effects on forage productivity and short-term soil health in a semi-arid environment

Ogunleye,

Opoku,

Solomon

et al. 2023

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There have been no systematic experiments conducted in Nevada's water-limited environment that examined the simultaneous benefits of soil health and feed value derived from cool-season cover cropping systems. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of different annual cool-season cover crop systems on above and belowground biomass production, plant tissue carbon and nitrogen, forage nutritive value (crude protein, acid, and neutral detergent fiber), relative feed value (RFV), and short-term soil health indicators under irrigation in a semi-arid environment. Treatments (cover crop systems) were a fallow (no cover crop), five monocultures of rye (Secale cereale L.), winter lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), arrowleaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum Savi), white sweetclover (Melilotus alba), forage kale (Brassica oleracea L.), and two three-species mixtures in 50-25-25 seeding ratios (CCM 1: rye, winter lentil, arrowleaf clover; CCM 2: rye, white sweetclover, forage kale). Cover crop systems were arranged in an RCBD with three replications. Plots were fall seeded in Reno, NV early October of each year (2020 and 2021) and terminated at the end of July of 2021 and 2022, respectively. Averaged across years, aboveground biomass production was lowest for the monoculture of winter lentil (4104 kg DM ha−1; SE = 1551) compared to all other cover crop systems (average = 7593 kg DM ha−1; SE = 1551). Biomass carbon produced was lowest for winter lentil (1717 kg ha−1; SE = 675) relative to all other cover crop systems (average = 3227 kg ha−1; SE = 675). The CCM 1 system had a greater C/N ratio (36.3) than CCM 2 and the monocultures of winter lentil, arrowleaf clover, and white sweetclover (average = 24.9). Belowground biomass did not differ among cover crop systems (average = 3161 kg DM ha−1; SE = 962). Crude protein concentration was similar among cover crop systems but the RFV was greatest for forage kale (RFV = 165; SE = 4.0) among all cover crop systems. Soil total N and organic carbon concentration did not differ among cover crop systems but soil K concentration was greatest under fallow (428 mg kg−1 soil; SE = 26) relative to all other systems (average = 345.6 mg kg−1 soil; SE = 26). Soil microbial community biomass was not altered by cover crop system or its interaction with year. While the short-term impact of the cover crop systems on soil health indicators was minimal relative to the fallow system, the overall results suggested that there is potential to integrate cover crops in Nevada's semi-arid environment under irrigation.

show abstract

“…The ash content of the residues was determined by igniting samples in a furnace at 600°C for 3 h. The mass of the resulting inorganic residue gives the ash content, expressed as a percentage of residue dry matter (%DM) (Undersander et al 1993c).…”

Section: Collection and Characterisation Of Crop Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposition and nitrogen dynamics in vegetable crop residues with contrasting biochemical composition

Peterson

Curtin²,

Fraser³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim To improve nitrogen (N) use efficiency in vegetable-growing systems, the characteristics of N-release from vegetable crop residues needs to be better understood. This study aimed to quantify the decomposition rate and the contribution of decomposition to mineral N supply from residues of commonly grown vegetable crops. Methods The rate of decomposition and N release from nine vegetable residues was quantified in a laboratory incubation with barley straw included for comparison. Dried and ground residue material was incorporated into soil at a rate of 1% w/w and incubated at 90% of field capacity for 118 days at 15°C. CO2 production and soil mineral N concentrations were determined periodically during the incubation. Results Decomposition of the vegetable residues was rapid, with 29–46% of residue-C respired as CO2 in the first week of incubation (vs 10% of barley straw C). The decomposition data fitted an exponential decay model with evidence of fast and slow pools of decomposable-C in all residues. The effect of residue addition to soil ranged from N immobilisation to net N mineralisation over the course of the incubation with the proportion of N released or immobilised linearly related to residue total N. Conclusions With residue total N and residue-soil contact time as input variables, a simple model provided good predictions of N release from vegetable crop residues under controlled conditions in the laboratory. It is important however, that our predicted residue N release rates be validated under field conditions before being used to guide N use decisions.

show abstract

Review of Roundup Ready Alfalfa

Abstract: Roundup Ready (RR) alfalfa is the first perennial forage species commercially released with a genetically modified trait (GMO). While not needed by all farmers who grow alfalfa, RR alfalfa may allow some farmers to more effectively establish alfalfa and control certain weed problems.

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Determination of Energy Parameters and Their Variability between Varieties of Fodder and Turf Grasses

Determination of Energy Parameters and Their Variability between Varieties of Fodder and Turf Grasses

Cool-season cover crop effects on forage productivity and short-term soil health in a semi-arid environment

Decomposition and nitrogen dynamics in vegetable crop residues with contrasting biochemical composition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About