“…Following the established tradition of Language Teaching , which is committed to highlighting the development of teaching and learning languages other than English, such as Japanese (Mori & Mori, 2011), German (Eckerth, Schramm, & Tschirner, 2009; Eckerth & Tschirner, 2010), Spanish (Antón, 2011) and Italian (Macaro, 2010), this paper reviews 60 empirical studies on Chinese language teaching and learning that were published in five leading mainland Chinese journals during the period 2014–2018. The Chinese government has been promoting the teaching and learning of CSL/CFL while it has made concerted efforts to improve individual citizens' English competence since the 1970s (Wang & Gao, 2008; Gao, Liao, & Li, 2014; Ma, Gong, Gao, & Xiang, 2017).…”