Review of Recent Developments in the Formulation of Graphene-Based Coatings for the Corrosion Protection of Metals and Alloys

Abstract

Corrosion is a naturally occurring phenomenon and there is continuous interest in the development of new and more protective coatings or films that can be employed to prevent or minimise corrosion. In this review the corrosion protection afforded by two-dimensional graphene is described and discussed. Following a short introduction to corrosion, the application of graphene in the formulation of coatings and films is introduced. Initially, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and metallic like graphene layers are reviewed, highlighting the issues with galvanic corrosion. Then the more successful graphene oxide (GO), functionalised GO and polymer grafted GO-modified coatings are introduced, where the functionalisation and grafting are tailored to optimise dispersion of graphene fillers. This is followed by rGO coupled with zinc rich coatings or conducting polymers, GO combined with sol-gels, layered double hydroxides or metal organic frameworks as protective coatings, where again the dispersion of the graphene sheets becomes important in the design of protective coatings. The role of graphene in the photocathodic protection of metals and alloys is briefly introduced, while graphene-like emerging materials, such as hexagonal boron nitride, h-BN, and graphitic carbon nitride, g-C3N4, are then highlighted.

Emerging Layered Materials and Their Applications in the Corrosion Protection of Metals and Alloys

“…Similarly, if the rate of the reduction reaction is lowered, then E corr is shifted to more negative values and j corr decreases. This can be explained using mixed potential theory [21]. These parameters are normally obtained from slow scan polarization curves [65], while cyclic polarization curves can also be very useful in determining the re-passivation characteristics [66].…”

“…It is no surprise that they are also emerging as suitable materials for the corrosion protection of metals and alloys. Among the various 2D materials that have attracted attention in the formulation of corrosion protection strategies, graphene is one of the most widely considered [20,21]. However, the long-term corrosion-protective capacity of graphene is not always satisfactory [22], and there are a number of good reviews already available in the literature that describe the performance and limitations of graphene in the development of a corrosion-control technology [23,24].…”

Performance Study of Graphene Oxide as an Antierosion Coating for Ornamental and Heritage Dolostone

“…Furthermore, the application of GO to other materials is effortless because the preparation process only involves dispersion in water. [ 23,24 ] In an earlier work, we demonstrated the efficient protective effects of GO on ornamental dolomite stones by the simple surface application of an additive‐free aqueous colloid as a spray without significantly altering their original aspect. [ 25 ] Such a GO coating can effectively stop the deterioration of the historical (carbonated stones) and industrial (cement and concrete) heritage structures, in terms of water‐induced degradation, extending its use to both present and future architectures.…”

Review—A Review of the Corrosion Behaviour of Graphene Coatings on Metal Surfaces Obtained by Chemical Vapour Deposition

“…Here we review the reports provided by various research teams regarding the corrosion protection of CVD-grown graphene on various metal substrates, and the impact of the dopants on the corrosion protection properties of the graphene coating. Although recent published review articles have already provided significant information about the corrosion stability of graphene coatings and its characteristics, [61][62][63][64][65][66][67] they did not challenge a specific graphene synthesis technique. In contrast, our review article focused on applying CVD-grown graphene as a corrosion barrier and the challenges facing such coatings.…”