Review of R&amp;D in Support of Mechanical Damage Threat Management in Onshore Transmission Pipeline Operations

Zarea, Mures; Piazza, Mark; Vignal, Geoff; Jones, C. L.; Rau, Jerry; Wang, Rick

doi:10.1115/ipc2012-90654

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…To meet practical needs of pipeline operators, Pipeline Research Council International (PRCI) sought research proposals in 2006 to address urgent MD concerns, and initiated four separate large MD programs in 2008 to address different technical needs within the areas of MD inspection, characterization, assessment, and repair. Four dent programs [7] were designated: MD-1 of tools to detect and discriminate mechanical damage, MD-2 of ranking and screening mechanical damage defects, MD-4 of structural significance of mechanical damage, and MD-5 of guidelines for inspection and repair of mechanical damage defects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Fatigue Models in API 1183 for Predicting Fatigue Life of Pipeline Dents

Zhu

2023

Volume 5: Materials &Amp; Fabrication

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Pipeline dents are mechanical damage caused by a third party in buried pipelines during construction or maintenance repair. Since 2008, the Pipeline Research Council International (PRCI) has sponsored a large pipeline dent program on experimental tests, integrity assessment, and inline inspection of pipeline dents with and without interfacing other anomalies. For more than ten years, many experimental data, numerical results and assessment models have been developed. On this basis, American Institute of Petroleum (API) recently published a recommended practice (RP) 1183 – Assessment and Management of Pipeline Dents. This API code provides the pipeline industry “standard methods” for evaluating severity and predicting fatigue life of pipeline dents with a single peak. This paper discusses fatigue methods prescribed in API RP 1183 for predicting fatigue life of pipeline dents. This API standard provides two types of dent fatigue criteria. One is screening methods based on dent fatigue life in Sections 7.4.1, 7.4.2, and 7.4.3 of API 1183. The other is assessment methods for predicting fatigue life of dents in Section 8.3.4. Because of complexity of fatigue methods and math equations given in the content, Annexes A.1 to A.5 in API 1183 provide a set of standard examples for calculating fatigue life, determining restraint condition, and evaluating the screening and assessment methods for plain dents. However, after careful examination, it was found that many issues and errors exist in this new API standard. In particular, comparisons using these Annex examples in API 1183 showed self-inconsistence between the screening methods and the assessment method. This paper presents the detailed fatigue life calculations, comparisons, and self-inconsistent results of the dent screening and assessment methods given in API 1183. On this basis, recommendations are made on how operators should use API RP 1183, and what actions API should take to improve this code.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Fatigue Models in API 1183 for Predicting Fatigue Life of Pipeline Dents

Zhu

2023

Volume 5: Materials &Amp; Fabrication

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“…For pipelines, assessment of MD integrity remains a great challenge because of complexity of its geometry, shape, size, location, orientation, and influence of residual stresses. To meet practical needs of pipeline operators, Pipeline Research Council International (PRCI) sought research proposals in 2006 to address such concerns, and initiated four separate large MD programs in 2008 to address different technical needs within the area of MD inspection, assessment, and repair with four designations of MD-1 (Tools to detect and discriminate mechanical damage), MD-2 (Ranking and screening mechanical damage defects), MD-4 (Structural significance of mechanical damage) and MD-5 (Guidelines for inspection and repair of mechanical damage defects) for each MD program, see the program review by Zarea et al [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2012, at the IPC conference, Zarea et al [11] presented the experimental and analytical results for dents and gouges obtained by those MD-4 projects over the four years. Since then, PRCI and U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) continues to sponsor the MD programs, and significant results have been obtained over the decade through great efforts by many investigators from different organizations using experimental, numerical, and analytical methods [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Recently, these MD assessment results were incorporated with other R&D results and the MD management practice from the pipeline operators' experience.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue Life Models for Pipelines Containing Dents and Gouges

Zhu¹,

WIERSMA²

2022

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This report is furnished to Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI) under the terms of PRCI contract PR-244-213803, between PRCI and Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) managed by Battelle Savannah River Alliance (BSRA). The contents of this report are published as received from SRNL. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in the report are those of the authors and not necessarily those of PRCI, its member companies, or their representatives. Publication and dissemination of this report by PRCI should not be considered an endorsement by PRCI or SRNL or BSRA, or the accuracy or validity of any opinions, findings, or conclusions expressed herein.In publishing this report, PRCI and SRNL (or BSRA) make no warranty or representation, expressed or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, usefulness, or fitness for purpose of the information contained herein, or that the use of any information, method, process, or apparatus disclosed in this report may not infringe on privately owned rights. PRCI and SRNL assume no liability with respect to the use of, or for damages resulting from the use of, any information, method, process, or apparatus disclosed in this report. By accepting the report and utilizing it, you agree to waive any and all claims you may have, resulting from your voluntary use of the report, against PRCI and SRNL.

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An Integrated Prognostics Approach for Pipeline Fatigue Crack Growth Prediction Utilizing Inline Inspection Data

Xie

Bott²,

Sutton³

et al. 2018

Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology

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Fatigue cracking is a key type of defect for liquid pipelines, and managing fatigue cracks has been a top priority and a big challenge for liquid pipeline operators. The existing inline inspection (ILI) tools for pipeline defect evaluation have large fatigue crack measurement uncertainties. Furthermore, the current physics-based methods are mainly used for fatigue crack growth prediction, where the same or a small range of fixed model parameters is used for all pipes. They result in uncertainty that is managed through the use of conservative safety factors such as adding depth uncertainty to the measured depth in deciding integrity management and risk mitigation strategies. In this study, an integrated approach is proposed for pipeline fatigue crack growth prediction utilizing ILI data including consideration of crack depth measurement uncertainty. This approach is done by integrating the physical models, including the stress analysis models, the crack growth model governed by the Paris’ law, and the ILI data. With the proposed integrated approach, the finite element (FE) model of a cracked pipe is built and the stress analysis is performed. ILI data are utilized to update the uncertain physical parameters for the individual pipe being considered so that a more accurate fatigue crack growth prediction can be achieved. Time-varying loading conditions are considered in the proposed integrated method by using rainflow counting method. The proposed integrated prognostics approach is compared with the existing physics-based method using examples based on simulated data. Field data provided by a Canadian pipeline operator are also employed for the validation of the proposed method. The examples and case studies in this paper demonstrate the limitations of the existing physics-based method, and the promise of the proposed method for achieving accurate fatigue crack growth prediction as continuous improvement of ILI technologies further reduces ILI measurement uncertainty.

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Review of R&D in Support of Mechanical Damage Threat Management in Onshore Transmission Pipeline Operations

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Fatigue Models in API 1183 for Predicting Fatigue Life of Pipeline Dents

Comparison of Fatigue Models in API 1183 for Predicting Fatigue Life of Pipeline Dents

Fatigue Life Models for Pipelines Containing Dents and Gouges

An Integrated Prognostics Approach for Pipeline Fatigue Crack Growth Prediction Utilizing Inline Inspection Data

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