Review of Orbital Fractures in an Urban Level I Trauma Center

Abstract

Objective: To perform a comprehensive review and analysis of surgically treated orbital fractures. Study Design: Retrospective cohort chart review study for surgically treated orbital fractures during 5 years. Results: A total of 173 patients (average age 41.6 years) were diagnosed with orbital fractures. Most were male with a ratio of 3.3:1. Most fractures were caused by assault (39.3%); 22.5% of the cases were bilateral. The left orbit (40.5%) was fractured more than the right. The orbital floor (97.1%) was the most common anatomic location and the maxilla (65.3%) was the most commonly involved bone. The average time from trauma to surgical intervention was 8.7 ± 14.6 days and the average time from surgical intervention to discharge was 5.1 ± 9.0 days. The transconjunctival incision (63%) was the most commonly used incision, and nonresorbable implant (92.7%) was the most commonly used implant. Finally, the length of stay for the repair of a simple orbital fracture was less than for complex orbital fracture (1.5 days and 5.9 days, respectively). Conclusion: Understanding the patterns and mechanisms of injury associated with orbital fractures can assist in developing standardized treatment protocols across all surgical specialties. This would ultimately allow for a uniform high quality of surgical care for patients with maxillofacial fractures.

The better surgical timing and approach for orbital fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…As the orbit is an important aesthetic component of the face, fracture repair surgery faces certain challenges, and its complications often cause aesthetic and functional concerns (44,45). The timing and approach of surgery for orbital fractures has been widely debated, with some authors suggesting that conservative management is more beneficial than early surgical intervention (46).…”

Assault-related Orbital Trauma at an Urban Level I Trauma Center: Racial Segregation and Other Neighborhood-level Social Determinants

“…This demographic profile is consistent with the current literature on assault-related orbital fractures. 8,16–40…”

Mechanisms of Development of Orbital Fractures: A Review

“…Although the rates of causes of injuries are affected by socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the target population, 52 recent large population studies performed in the US, UK, Italy, and Germany showed that assault is the most common mechanism of injury, followed by falls and traffic accidents. [52][53][54][55][56][57] In Japan, assault is a less common mechanism of injury, while falls and sports are the more common ones. 51 Since the safety for driving is improving due to advanced technology, the rate of traffic accidents is gradually decreasing.…”