Review of multidisciplinary homogenization techniques applied to electric machines

Chauvicourt, Fabien; Romanazzi, Pietro; Howey, David A.; Dziechciarz, Arkadiusz; Marțiș, Claudia; Faria, Cassio

doi:10.1109/ever.2016.7476431

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…• Resistive model: the geometry of the cross-section of the coils is typically homogenized when modelling conventional machines. Each coil cross-section is represented by a homogeneous block with approximately the same electromagnetic behaviour as a fully detailed crosssection [29], [30], [31]. Therefore, we develop first this simplified resistive model (without the superconducting material) based on this approach.…”

Section: Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

T-A Formulation for the Design and AC Loss Calculation of a Superconducting Generator for a 10 MW Wind Turbine

2020

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The current capacity of high-temperature superconductors (HTS) has encouraged several applications of these materials in electric power systems. These applications in electrical machines represent a promising solution for more compact and efficient designs. Despite no measurable resistance in the superconducting state, HTS could experience losses under time changing transport current or magnetic field. Therefore, loss estimation is a key input for the design. Maxwell's equations in the T-A formulation form can be used to model and estimate losses in the superconducting tapes of an electrical machine. This formulation requires the current as a function of time in each superconducting tape as an input. A methodology to calculate this current distribution is presented in this article. The procedure introduces a previous step in the building model process and allows a better connection of the machine design with the estimation of losses in the superconductor in order to get a more efficient machine. The approach is applied to a 10 MW superconducting generator, where over one thousand tapes cross-sections are modelled in 2D. The superconductor's non-linear behaviour and critical current density anisotropy are considered. Losses are estimated for different designs and a sensitivity analysis is presented for different temperatures and frequencies, in addition to other alternatives to reduce losses. INDEX TERMS AC Losses, superconducting generator, high-temperature superconductors, T-A formulation.

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Section: Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

T-A Formulation for the Design and AC Loss Calculation of a Superconducting Generator for a 10 MW Wind Turbine

2020

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“…The outcome of thermal homogenisation is the equivalent thermal conductivity [k eq ] and heat capacity C eq of the winding domain. Although C eq can be simply computed by volume averaging the heat capacities of the various materials, a number of methods are available to obtain [k eq ], either analytical, numerical or experimental [16]. In this work we exploit the multiple-scales (MS) method, as presented in [17], since it can efficiently evaluate the equivalent thermal features of the windings through the study of the specific cell problem with FE.…”

Section: B Thermal Parameter Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D homogenisation of concentrated windings with rectangular conductors

Romanazzi

Ayat

Wróbel

et al. 2017

2017 IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference (IEMDC)

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Design optimisation of electromagnetic devices is strongly affected by thermal behaviour. In order to check whether thermal limitations are exceeded, one has to accurately evaluate the loss generated for each working condition and feed it to a thermal model. Using the two models in sequential manner, however, can lead to an error in the loss estimation. Moreover, a proper loss distribution calculation allows for a more precise temperature field computation, allowing for an accurate prediction of the hot-spot temperature. When AC effects are significant, this process becomes more computationally expensive since every single wire should be included in the model and this inevitably slows the design procedure. In this work a method is presented for model order reduction of coupled 3D electromagnetic-thermal finite element analysis via homogenisation. The method, applied to an hardware exemplar representative of an open-slot modular stator-winding assembly, is demonstrated to provide very accurate results compared to a fine model where every single conductor is taken into account, but with a significant reduction in simulation time. Extensive experimental validation is also provided. Due to the reduction in computational effort, the method is suitable for improving the design process and reducing the time to market of many electromagnetic devices, including electrical machines, inductors and transformers.

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“…Several review papers with the main concern of cooling technologies, modern heat extraction systems and electrical insulation systems in electric motors have been reported in the literature [3,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The structure of published review papers is based on the common cooling technologies such as passive cooling and forced cooling [6,21]; heat extraction methods with a brief overview of heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation [6,20,22]; machine topology-specific cooling technologies such as thermal management in switched reluctance or axial machines [10,16]; and finally application-specific thermal review papers including automotive, traction and transportation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Modern Thermo-Conductive Materials for Heat Extraction in Electrical Machines

2020

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This paper presents a comprehensive review of the modern thermo-conductive materials that have potential to improve the heat extraction in electrical machines by conduction. Currently, there is a significant interest in thermal design and analysis of electrical machines as the demand for high power/torque density is substantially raised in applications such as marine, aerospace, e-mobility and rail. Thermal design engineering has become very important to develop smaller and more efficient electric motors, therefore electrical machine designers need to be more informed with the recent development in novel thermoconductive (insulation) materials. Such developments can provide enhanced thermal characteristics for high power dense electrical machines. It is reported that high voltage electrical insulations can have more sophisticated thermal properties with the recent advancements in materials science. This study aims to inform electrical machine designers with and without a thermal background about recent thermo-conductive materials. Thus, a profound understanding can be gained in thermally conductive materials for the use of numerous applications in electrical machines for which thermal management is a crucial aspect of the overall multi-physics design and optimization process. INDEX TERMS Electrical machines, heat extraction, insulation materials, rotating machines, thermal analysis, thermal design, thermal conduction, and thermal materials This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.

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Review of multidisciplinary homogenization techniques applied to electric machines

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

T-A Formulation for the Design and AC Loss Calculation of a Superconducting Generator for a 10 MW Wind Turbine

T-A Formulation for the Design and AC Loss Calculation of a Superconducting Generator for a 10 MW Wind Turbine

3D homogenisation of concentrated windings with rectangular conductors

An Overview of Modern Thermo-Conductive Materials for Heat Extraction in Electrical Machines

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