Review of modeling of losses and sources of relativistic electrons in the outer radiation belt II: Local acceleration and loss

Shprits, Y. Y.; Subbotin, D.; Meredith, Nigel P.; Elkington, S. R.

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2008.06.014

Cited by 393 publications

(436 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(139 reference statements)

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“…Recently, the gyroresonant interaction of relativistic electrons with whistler-mode chorus emissions has been investigated as a possible generation mechanism for MeV electrons in the outer radiation belt (e.g., Shprits et al, 2008;Thorne, 2010;Ebihara and Miyoshi, 2011, for review). Observations have revealed the possible roles of chorus in controlling the flux of radiation belt electrons (e.g., Miyoshi et al, 2003Miyoshi et al, , 2007Horne et al, 2003;Kasahara et al, 2009).…”

Section: Y Katoh Et Al: Statistical Significance Of Wpiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Wave-Particle Interaction Analyzer for direct measurements of nonlinear wave-particle interactions

et al. 2013

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In the upcoming JAXA/ERG satellite mission, Wave Particle Interaction Analyzer (WPIA) will be installed as an onboard software function. We study the statistical significance of the WPIA for measurement of the energy transfer process between energetic electrons and whistler-mode chorus emissions in the Earth's inner magnetosphere. The WPIA measures a relative phase angle between the wave vector E and velocity vector v of each electron and computes their inner product W, where W is the time variation of the kinetic energy of energetic electrons interacting with plasma waves. We evaluate the feasibility by applying the WPIA analysis to the simulation results of whistler-mode chorus generation. We compute W using both a wave electric field vector observed at a fixed point in the simulation system and a velocity vector of each energetic electron passing through this point. By summing up W_i of an individual particle i to give W_int, we obtain significant values of W_int as expected from the evolution of chorus emissions in the simulation result. We can discuss the efficiency of the energy exchange through wave-particle interactions by selecting the range of the kinetic energy and pitch angle of the electrons used in the computation of W_int. The statistical significance of the obtained W_int is evaluated by calculating the standard deviation σ_W of W_int. In the results of the analysis, positive or negative W_int is obtained at the different regions of velocity phase space, while at the specific regions the obtained W_int values are significantly greater than σ_W, indicating efficient wave-particle interactions. The present study demonstrates the feasibility of using the WPIA, which will be on board the upcoming ERG satellite, for direct measurement of wave-particle interactions

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Section: Y Katoh Et Al: Statistical Significance Of Wpiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Wave-Particle Interaction Analyzer for direct measurements of nonlinear wave-particle interactions

et al. 2013

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“…The mechanisms involved in the energization of multi-MeV electrons over only a few hours, as observed in the 17 March event, are largely unknown. Shprits et al [2008] describe some of the ongoing research in this area. Without the support of sufficient observations, it is difficult to understand the means by which energy propagates through the spectrum all the way to the multi-MeV tail of the energy distribution function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prompt energization of relativistic and highly relativistic electrons during a substorm interval: Van Allen Probes observations

Foster

Erickson

Baker

et al. 2014

Geophysical Research Letters

121

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On 17 March 2013, a large magnetic storm significantly depleted the multi-MeV radiation belt. We present multi-instrument observations from the Van Allen Probes spacecraft Radiation Belt Storm Probe A and Radiation Belt Storm Probe B at~6 Re in the midnight sector magnetosphere and from ground-based ionospheric sensors during a substorm dipolarization followed by rapid reenergization of multi-MeV electrons. A 50% increase in magnetic field magnitude occurred simultaneously with dramatic increases in 100 keV electron fluxes and a 100 times increase in VLF wave intensity. The 100 keV electrons and intense VLF waves provide a seed population and energy source for subsequent radiation belt enhancements. Highly relativistic (>2 MeV) electron fluxes increased immediately at L*~4.5 and 4.5 MeV flux increased >90 times at L* = 4 over 5 h. Although plasmasphere expansion brings the enhanced radiation belt multi-MeV fluxes inside the plasmasphere several hours postsubstorm, we localize their prompt reenergization during the event to regions outside the plasmasphere.

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“…The review by Friedel et al (2002) includes all these mechanisms for acceleration. The main candidates are based on either local diffusion due to particle interactions with waves (Temerin et al, 1994;Shprits et al, 2008;Reeves et al, 2009;Omura et al, 2007;Horne et al, 2005;Summers and Thorne, 2003;Summers et al, 1998Summers et al, , 2002Summers et al, , 2004Albert, 2003Albert, , 2005 or radial diffusion (Falthammar, 1968;Schulz and Lanzerotti, 1974;Hilmer et al, 2000;Ingraham et al, 2001;McAdams et al, 2001). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online NARMAX model for electron fluxes at GEO

2015

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Abstract. Multi-input single-output (MISO) nonlinear autoregressive moving average with exogenous inputs (NARMAX) models have been derived to forecast the > 0.8 MeV and > 2 MeV electron fluxes at geostationary Earth orbit (GEO). The NARMAX algorithm is able to identify mathematical model for a wide class of nonlinear systems from input-output data. The models employ solar wind parameters as inputs to provide an estimate of the average electron flux for the following day, i.e. the 1-day forecast. The identified models are shown to provide a reliable forecast for both > 0.8 and > 2 MeV electron fluxes and are capable of providing real-time warnings of when the electron fluxes will be dangerously high for satellite systems. These models, named SNB 3 GEO > 0.8 and > 2 MeV electron flux models, have been implemented online at http://www.ssg.group.shef. ac.uk/USSW/UOSSW.html.

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Review of modeling of losses and sources of relativistic electrons in the outer radiation belt II: Local acceleration and loss

Cited by 393 publications

References 107 publications

Significance of Wave-Particle Interaction Analyzer for direct measurements of nonlinear wave-particle interactions

Significance of Wave-Particle Interaction Analyzer for direct measurements of nonlinear wave-particle interactions

Prompt energization of relativistic and highly relativistic electrons during a substorm interval: Van Allen Probes observations

Online NARMAX model for electron fluxes at GEO

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