Review of Methods to Reduce Energy Consumption in A Smart City Based On IoT and 5G Technology

Abstract

The evolution of the technology 5G has influenced the Internet of the Things (IoT) according to the wireless communications of minor latency, and major speed compared to the existing technologies. Consequently, from the 21st century, 5G will act as the spinal column of the IoT and will level the way for the design and deployment of a Smart City, nevertheless, this progress has a negative point which is demonstrated in the energy consumption. The target of this investigation is to announce methods to reduce the consumption of energy in one Smart City based on the IoT and the technology 5G. The results obtained in this investigation allow determining that 5G and the IoT will have a major energy consumption with about 80 % of the entire potency, due to the transmission and reception of a big quantity of information in a Smart City. Likewise, this research, contributes to the knowledge, presenting a review of methods that allow minimizing energy consumption and projects that improve energy efficiency.

The Internet of Things (IoT) for Sustainability: A Framework for Costa Rica

“…The fundamental objective underlying the concept of a Smart City is to harness the advanced information and communication capabilities of the telecommunications infrastructure to facilitate efficient resource management (Sánchez-Cano et al, 2021). While the integration of IoT is a key component, Smart Cities also encompass other vital features such as cloud computing.…”

“…As mentioned by (Sánchez-Cano et al, 2021): ______________________________________________________ "They highlight that the main challenges of a Smart City go through the management of energy power based on models that consider energy efficiency, as it is a key tool for the development of household production processes, companies, and industries. Although they only occupy 2% of the earth's surface, they consume 75% of the world's energy and generate 80% of greenhouse gasses. "…”

“…Thus, studying the relationship between IoT and sustainability can provide valuable insights into harnessing technological advancements for a more environmentally conscious future. IoT refers to a network of multiple internet-connected devices, applications, sensors, and/or machines, which enable the generation of substantial volumes of data through wired or wireless connections (Furstenau et al, 2022a;Rejeb et al, 2022;Sánchez-Cano et al, 2021;Shorfuzzaman & Shamim Hossain, 2021). The proliferation of IoT has experienced significant growth in recent years, attributed to various factors such as the widespread adoption of advanced hardware and software platforms, increased availability of cloud-based servers and communication networks, and the evolution of big data analysis (Furstenau et al, 2022a;Rejeb et al, 2022).…”

“…IoT devices serve various applications, such as the creation of "Smart Cities. " This concept entails establishing a network that facilitates information exchange and communication within a city, utilizing the acquired data to enhance the residents' quality of life (Sánchez-Cano et al, 2021). Similarly, IoT finds application in "Smart Home" technologies, which involve devices, applications, sensors, or machines that provide digitally connected, automated, or enhanced services to household occupants through internet connectivity (Furszyfer Del Rio et al, 2021).…”

Understanding Sustainable Energy in the Context of Smart Cities: A PRISMA Review

“…Associated with the use of IoT, the use of ICTs also appears as a necessary resource for the implementation of IoT [58,59]. The emergence of 5G technology favors the use of IoT in the energy efficiency sector, enabling the connection of the resource in more remote areas and with better connection quality and speed [60,61].…”