“…Researchers have generally focused on lots of ways such as twisted tapes (Gürsoy et al, 2022a(Gürsoy et al, , 2022b, baffles (El-Said et al, 2021), winglets (Promvonge et al, 2021), extended surfaces (Zaboli et al, 2021), porous materials (Chakravarty et al, 2021), coil inserts (Dinh et al, 2022), rough surfaces (Gürsoy et al, 2023), mono, hybrid and ternary nanofluids (Dezfulizadeh et al, 2022;Said et al, 2022;Sirine et al, 2022). For instance, rough surface, which includes dimpled fins (DFs), is one of the prominent passive techniques in the geometric improvement, and this phenomenon has been investigated by numerous researchers in the literature (Gürdal et al, 2022a(Gürdal et al, , 2022b(Gürdal et al, , 2022cSuri et al, 2022; Magnetoconvection characteristics Malapur et al, 2023) conducted a computational analyse on five different dimpled tubes (DT). Researchers have aimed to investigate the effect of DF and compare it with the smooth tube (ST).…”