Review of hardware-in-the-loop simulation and its prospects in the automotive area

Abstract

Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation is rapidly evolving from a control prototyping tool to a system modeling, simulation, and synthesis paradigm synergistically combining many advantages of both physical and virtual prototyping. This paper provides a brief overview of the key enablers and numerous applications of HIL simulation, focusing on its metamorphosis from a control validation tool into a system development paradigm. It then describes a state-of-the art engine-in-the-loop (EIL) simulation facility that highlights the use of HIL simulation for the system-level experimental evaluation of powertrain interactions and development of strategies for clean and efficient propulsion. The facility comprises a real diesel engine coupled to accurate real-time driver, driveline, and vehicle models through a highly responsive dynamometer. This enables the verification of both performance and fuel economy predictions of different conventional and hybrid powertrains. Furthermore, the facility can both replicate the highly dynamic interactions occurring within a real powertrain and measure their influence on transient emissions and visual signature through stateof-the-art instruments. The viability of this facility for integrated powertrain system development is demonstrated through a case study exploring the development of advanced High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV) powertrains.

Embedded Control in Wearable Medical Devices: Application to the Artificial Pancreas

“…The performance of different control algorithms and formulations can be evaluated using a prototyping environment before testing with the actual device, to ensure that the suggested control method is suitable for the application [125]. In fact, hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation has been gradually considered as the necessary step from pure virtual simulation to full physical prototyping [126] for many safety-critical applications. Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have been considered as very useful platforms for MPC hardware prototyping, especially for the development of customized boards.…”

Hardware-In-the-Loop Simulation of ECU using Reverse Engineering

“…[6,7] 이렇게 자동차･비행기･전차 등 과 같은 이동수단의 상태 및 동작을 제어하기 위해 장착 되는 임베디드 시스템을 ECU(Electronic Control Unit) 라고 부른다. ECU에게 타겟 시스템에 장착된 것과 같은 환경을 모사해주려면, 가상 차량 환경(Virtual vehicle environment)이 필요한데 [8] , 대부분의 연구는 이를 위한 환경의 구축 방법으로 모델 기반 설계 기법(Model based design) 을 사용하고 있다 [8][9][10][11][12] .…”

Self-Learning Neural Controller for Hybrid Power Management Using Neuro-Dynamic Programming

“…The powertrain system simulation has been validated with vehicle test data from proving ground [25] and subsequently thoroughly updated to represent HMMWV [26]. The hydraulic components were added to the vehicle simulation in context of parallel [27] and series hybrid systems [24].…”