Review of global process safety regulations: United States, European Union, United Kingdom, China, India

Besserman, Jennifer; Mentzer, Ray A.

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2017.09.010

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It is often more effective in complex technology industries such as the chemical industry to introduce new rules in the form of a guidance document rather than as mandatory requirements and users of rules should take part in formulating the rules. It is also important to update these regulations to ensure that they are able to properly handle the risks associated with recent events and learning, and to keep pace with the evolution of the industry .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Procedural management of safety regulations and rules for the chemical industry

Gao

Yang

Wang

et al. 2018

Process Safety Progress

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In recent years, the chemical companies in different countries have realized the significance of managing within safety regulations and rules. In China, investigation reports of major accidents showed that Chinese chemical companies often failed to comply with regulations before the accident. In fact, a majority of chemical companies are simultaneously regulated by different regulatory agencies. They must comply with an excess of safety regulations and standards promulgated by various regulatory agencies. A huge compliance burden for chemical companies is the result. To solve this problem, this article proposes a new classification method combining administrative ranks and scopes of chemical safety activities. This new classification helps chemical companies to identify and understand external regulations faster and more easily. A chemical industry park in Dalian was taken as an example to collect materials. It was found that there were 658 regulations and standards covering safety, environment and health. In addition, this article establishes a procedural framework for rules management that guides users of rules, which demonstrates the process of compliance management. It helps companies deal with situations where external regulations are absent or unreasonable. This article also suggests that regulators establish good communication with companies and increase the discretionary power of companies to promote the implementation of this framework.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Procedural management of safety regulations and rules for the chemical industry

Gao

Yang

Wang

et al. 2018

Process Safety Progress

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“…Due to mismanagement, at the time of explosions, the victims were around work trailers located near an atmospheric vent stack [39].…”

Section: Application Of the Methodology: A Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of Safety Performance Framework (SPF) In Process Industries to Avoid Disasters

Shamim¹,

Buang²,

Shariff³

et al. 2018

INT. J. AUTOMOT. MECH. ENG.

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The reports of past major process disasters reveal that catastrophes are preventable and many of the problems are recognized prior to the accidents through the near-misses. The key element to improve safety performance is analyzing the performance indicators i.e. leading and lagging metrics in order to avoid process disasters. In past, the focus has only been given to the implementation of fourteen elements of process safety management (PSM) system, legislated under occupational safety and health administration (OSHA), for the effective safety system. However, it ignored the insight behaviour and performance of indicators along with its associated metrics for its every element. Therefore, to cater all these needs, a structured technique known as safety performance framework (SPF) has been suggested. It encompasses four major steps including a developed mathematical model i.e. safety performance index (SPI) to ensure the proper implementation of PSM in process industries. In addition to this, the identification of leading and lagging indicators for each PSM element is an integral part of this structure and is the real key to success. Moreover, this technique has been applied to the case studies of current process plant and the past disaster, where it has disclosed the insights of safety performance failure. Thus, SPF has been shown as a helpful tool to implement PSM in process industries to avoid disasters.

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“…India is making efforts, such as designing processes similar to OSHA PSM standards, however with no restrictions. Regulatory provisions in India include exposure limits for workers under The Factories Act [16]. (1) 5000 kg (2) 200,000 kg (1) 5000 kg (2) 200,000 kg (1) 5000 kg (2) 200,000 kg (1) 5000 kg (2) 20,000 kg (1) 5000 kg (2) (1) RMP designated quantity.…”

Section: Selected Chemical Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Evaluation of Designated Quantities for Chemicals Requiring Preparation for Accidents in the Korean Chemical Accident Prevention System

Ahn

Lee

Cheon

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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To prevent chemical accidents, the United States (US), the European Union (EU), and the Republic of Korea operate legal systems, such as risk management plans (RMP) and process safety management (PSM), to prevent chemical accidents inside and outside the workplace. The duty to implement chemical accident prevention systems and the criteria for being a target workplace are dependent on the designated quantities of chemicals handled. A chemical accident prevention system is obligatory for storage and handling of legally declared chemicals in the workplace. Benzene, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, and ethyl acetate are all flammable materials that are commonly used as solvents in the chemical industry. These substances are grouped into flammable substances groups in the US and the EU, and are managed with the same designated quantities. However, in Korea, the designated quantities are: benzene, 10,000 kg; toluene, xylene, and methyl ethyl ketone, 200,000 kg; and ethyl acetate, 20,000 kg. In order to evaluate the validity of the chemical quantities, fire explosion scenarios during chemical accidents were modeled using two modeling programs, Areal Location of Hazardous Atmosphere (ALOHA) and Korea Off-Site Risk Assessment Supporting Tool (KORA) software, under the same conditions. Similar damage radii were found for the five flammable materials with both pool fires and vapor cloud explosions (VCE). Based on these damage radii, the designated quantities of five substances were calculated and included in the range (10,000 to 13,500 kg). The results show that current designated quantities underestimate chemical substances, and for the prevention of accidents and post-management after chemical accidents, it is necessary to manage flammable substances under one grouping.

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Review of global process safety regulations: United States, European Union, United Kingdom, China, India

Cited by 35 publications

References 8 publications

Procedural management of safety regulations and rules for the chemical industry

Procedural management of safety regulations and rules for the chemical industry

Implementation of Safety Performance Framework (SPF) In Process Industries to Avoid Disasters

Feasibility Evaluation of Designated Quantities for Chemicals Requiring Preparation for Accidents in the Korean Chemical Accident Prevention System

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