Review of Gas Hydrate Research in India: Status and Future Directions

Veluswamy, Hari Prakash; Upadhye, Nupoor

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c03866

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…4 Feasible technology to recover methane from the natural hydrates reserves is developing. 5,6 If feasibly exploited from the hydrate source, massive storage units/tanks are required to preserve and transport the gas. The gas pipeline networks could also not serve the purpose since most of the hydrate reserves are inaccessible to the pipeline network.…”

Section: Methane Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explicating the amino acid effects for methane storage in hydrate form

2022

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Section: Methane Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explicating the amino acid effects for methane storage in hydrate form

2022

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“…Twenty-one sites were drilled and 2850 m of core samples were recovered for further investigations . The investigations concluded that hydrate occurrences were mostly controlled by fractures and coarse grained sediments with fully developed abundant reserves at Krishna-Godavari (KG) and Mahanadi basins . Based on the findings, a second expedition was conducted in 2015, where the objective was to determine the highly saturated occurrence of CH 4 hydrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results concluded that sand reservoir sediments had hydrate saturation ranging between 65 and 85%, while clayey sediments were reserved close to 10%. Huge reserves of CH 4 hydrates have been reported in the KG basin, Mahanadi, Kaveri, Kerala-Konkan, Saurashtra, Lakshadweep, and the Andaman regions of India, with the deposit in the KG basin being the richest and most potentially recoverable, of them all. ,, It is highly probable that the reserves in the Krishna-Godavari basin will be of strategic importance in a natural gas-driven future. Success in this direction can change the perspective of challenges in producing from lower probability CH 4 hydrate reserves and realizing larger volumes produced safely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Perspectives of Energy-Efficient Methane Production from Natural Gas Hydrate Reservoirs Using Carbon Dioxide Exchange Technology

et al. 2023

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Natural gas hydrates are unconventional abundant hydrocarbon energy resources that can guarantee energy sustainability with little environmental impact. The solid nature of the resource, distinct thermodynamic characteristics, and accumulations at shallow depths make the existing conventional production techniques unviable. Among all the currently explored production techniques, the hydrate-based carbon capture and sequestration (HBCCS) technique is expected to improve production, proven to be geomechanically safer, and conceptualized to be environmentally friendly. In this carbon-neutral production concept, carbon emissions are effectively sequestered for the long-term. This review presents a comprehensive overview and perspective of the CO 2 exchange-based approach to extract methane (CH 4 ) from naturally occurring gas hydrate reserves, emphasizes its prospect as a suitable alternative according to the current energy demands and climate concerns, establishes its environmental and production challenges, and demonstrates the recent developments. This review focuses on the production aspect and discusses the mechanism of the exchange process, experimental and modeling studies, various in situ production tests using different techniques on multiple sediments, and production challenges associated with the exchange process. The aspects of geomechanics and possibilities of fracturing in hydrate reservoirs are also discussed elaborately. A suitable and effective technique is yet to be established to produce natural gas commercially by addressing the existing challenges like sand production, seafloor stability concerns, marine ecosystem problems, low production rate, uncontrolled dissociation, water production, etc. Although the CO 2 exchange-based method is thermodynamically favorable, rapid crystallization of CO 2 restricts mass transfer and prevents continuous exchange. The exchange process is also influenced by heat, salinity, residual water saturation, exchange gas composition, injection phase, injection pressure, sediment properties, etc. There is a need to study the CO 2 −CH 4 exchange process at a fundamental level and at a larger scale, to understand its intricacies. In tandem with comprehensively discussing the subject, this review has listed the issues that require tenable solutions, which shall be helpful to readers who wish to work on production from CH 4 hydrates using the CO 2 exchange process. Methane hydrates shall be one of the strategic energy sources to meet our growing energy requirements for a sustainable future.

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“…Gas hydrates resemble ice but have different distinguishing characteristics . They naturally exist in the marine sediments at the bottom of the ocean and in permafrost areas. , Methane makes up most of the gas in these hydrate formations, which could provide the future requirements of energy. , Synthetic or laboratory-made hydrates are of greater prominence due to their various properties . Gas hydrates can compress a large gas volume into a small space and serve as a potential gas storage medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,11 Synthetic or laboratory-made hydrates are of greater prominence due to their various properties. 12 Gas hydrates can compress a large gas volume into a small space and serve as a potential gas storage medium. Ideally, a unit volume of gas hydrate should yield 160−180 times the amount of gas upon dissociation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Kinetics of Methane and Carbon Dioxide Hydrates in the Presence of Biobased Additives

Singh

Veluswamy

2022

Energy Fuels

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Gas hydrates offer a viable solution for many industrial-scale applications such as capture of greenhouse gases and transport and storage of energy-rich gases and gas mixtures. However, the slow formation kinetics, inefficient conversion of water to hydrate, and severe operating conditions limit the large-scale implementation of this technology. Amino acids and other biobased additives have been demonstrated to enhance the kinetics of methane hydrate formation at lower concentrations (<1 wt %). Unlike the conventional surfactants that result in characteristic foam formation during hydrate dissociation, bioadditives do not result in foam, thereby offering greater flexibility for gas storage and gas separation applications. However, the literature also lists certain amino acids at selected concentration ranges functioning as inhibitors for carbon dioxide and methane hydrate formations. In order to discern the roles of amino acids and a few other bioadditives in hydrate formation, we perform experiments to identify a suitable additive that can enhance methane and carbon dioxide hydrate formations. Specifically, we investigate the kinetics of carbon dioxide and methane gas hydrate formations in the presence of methionine and chitosan in the concentration range of 0.01−0.4 wt % at comparable driving force (T and P) conditions. Further, the effect of the driving force on methane and carbon dioxide hydrate formation kinetics was examined at varying additive concentrations. It was observed that methionine served as an effective promoter for both methane and CO 2 hydrate formations. However, chitosan significantly inhibited methane hydrate formation resulting in lower gas uptake and hydrate formation rates, whereas there was kinetic promotion offered by chitosan for carbon dioxide hydrate formation under experimental conditions. Further, investigations of the dissociation kinetics of methane and carbon dioxide hydrates by thermal stimulation in the presence of these additives under comparable experimental conditions were performed and included. It was observed that dissociation kinetics increases with increases in the concentrations of bioadditives. Morphological observations during hydrate formation and dissociation are presented as well.

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Review of Gas Hydrate Research in India: Status and Future Directions

Cited by 15 publications

References 187 publications

Explicating the amino acid effects for methane storage in hydrate form

Explicating the amino acid effects for methane storage in hydrate form

Review and Perspectives of Energy-Efficient Methane Production from Natural Gas Hydrate Reservoirs Using Carbon Dioxide Exchange Technology

Investigation of Kinetics of Methane and Carbon Dioxide Hydrates in the Presence of Biobased Additives

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