The article unfolds dialogue as the complex whole of human action and behaviour in the theory of New Science. The actual
state of research in dialogue analysis seems to be a garden of a thousand flowers where scholars can pick out the flower they like. Can this
be science? New Science is introduced as science of complexity which represents a new hierarchy of integrated components derived from the
complex whole. The structure of dialogue as the complex whole allows us to describe and explain all pertinent components in
one theory. The article briefly outlines the main components: action and grammar. New Science also means the end of
unjustified assumptions which underlie most of the various current models of science and philosophy and calls for verification by neuro- and
sociobiology.