Review of Fiber Optical Sensors and Its Importance in Sewer Corrosion Factor Analysis

Raju, Bharathi; Kumar, R.; Dhanalakshmi, Samiappan; Dooly, Gerard; Duraibabu, Dinesh Babu

doi:10.3390/chemosensors9060118

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 199 publications

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“…Acoustic emission [14,15] and fiber optic sensors [16,17] are also popular technologies in the field of pipe monitoring. They both have high accuracy and can be used for remote monitoring but the low anti-interference of acoustic emission and the intricate optical fiber design are the main drawbacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced EIS-Based Sensor for Online Corrosion and Scaling Monitoring in Pipelines of Geothermal Power Plants

Freire,

Ezpeleta,

Sánchez

et al. 2024

Metals

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Corrosion and scaling in metal pipelines are the major issues in the exploitation of geothermal sources. Geothermal fluids are complex mixtures consisting of dissolved gases and high-salinity solutions. This creates very aggressive environments primarily due to the high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), chlorides, and other chemical species. Besides, the high temperature of the brines also increases corrosion rates, which can lead to failures related to stress and fatigue corrosion. On the other hand, reinjection of cooled brine exiting the heat exchanger favors the onset of scaling, since the chemicals dissolved in geothermal waters may tend to precipitate promoting inorganic depositions on the casing. Corrosion and scaling phenomena are difficult to detect visually or monitor continuously. Standard techniques based on pH, temperature pressure, electrical resistance measurements, chemistry composition, and physical properties are habitually applied as indirect methods for corrosion rate control. These methods, however, lack enough robustness for accurate and reliable measuring of the corrosion behavior of materials. To address this issue, a novel system has been proposed for the continuous monitoring of corrosion degradation caused by the effect of the geothermal brines. The present work aims to design, develop, and validate a dedicated electrochemical-based test system for online and onsite monitoring of the corrosion rate and scaling growth occurring on different materials exposed to real operating conditions. This system uses non-standard methods based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to obtain quantitative data related to the material quality. It can be used to track the condition of the pipeline, reducing the operation and maintenance (O&M) costs and shutdown times. By providing early corrosion rate data, this system allows the prediction of failures in critical units of the plant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced EIS-Based Sensor for Online Corrosion and Scaling Monitoring in Pipelines of Geothermal Power Plants

Freire,

Ezpeleta,

Sánchez

et al. 2024

Metals

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“…Subsequently, fiber-optic sensing came into being. Compared with traditional electrical sensors, fiber-optic sensing uses optical signals as the modulation and transmission carrier, which allows it to have many unique advantages [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ], such as strong resistance to electromagnetic interference in the transmission process, thus allowing it to play a very significant role in the power system [ 5 , 6 ], and strong corrosion resistance, which can be measured for highly corrosive analytes [ 7 ], as it has a compact structure that can be fabricated according to the needs of the size of very small fiber optic sensors [ 8 ]. Simultaneously, several studies have highlighted the advantages of simple fiber optic materials, cost-effectiveness, and broad scale utilization [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Tapered Optical Fiber Sensor Structures: From Conventional to Novel and Emerging

et al. 2023

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Optical fiber sensors based on tapered optical fiber (TOF) structure have attracted a considerable amount of attention from researchers due to the advantages of simple fabrication, high stability, and diverse structures, and have great potential for applications in many fields such as physics, chemistry, and biology. Compared with conventional optical fibers, TOF with their unique structural characteristics significantly improves the sensitivity and response speed of fiber-optic sensors and broadens the application range. This review presents an overview of the latest research status and characteristics of fiber-optic sensors and TOF sensors. Then, the working principle of TOF sensors, fabrication schemes of TOF structures, novel TOF structures in recent years, and the growing emerging application areas are described. Finally, the development trends and challenges of TOF sensors are prospected. The objective of this review is to convey novel perspectives and strategies for the performance optimization and design of TOF sensors based on fiber-optic sensing technologies.

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“…The advantages of these grating-based sensors are their resistance to EMI, lightweight, robustness, compact size, stability, remote sensing ability, easy fabrication, installation and maintenance [5,6]. This enables their implementation in various areas of the optical field such as structural health monitoring, medical applications, measurement of temperature and strain in aerospace, as lasers, as buffers, as filters, as multiplexers [7][8][9][10][11][12], heat transfer application [13] and sewer corrosion [14]. Uniform FBG has a main lobe corresponding to Bragg wavelength in addition to the presence of many side lobes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Apodized Fiber Bragg Grating Applied for Medical Sensors: Performance Investigation

Arumugam¹,

Kumar²,

Dhanalakshmi³

et al. 2023

Computer Modeling in Engineering &Amp; Sciences

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Sensors play an important role in shaping and monitoring human health. Exploration of methods to use Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) with enhanced sensitivity has attracted great interest in the field of medical research. In this paper, a novel apodization function is proposed and performance evaluation and optimization of the same have been made. A comparison was conducted between various existing apodization functions and the proposed one based on optical characteristics and sensor parameters. The results evince the implementation of the proposed apodization function for vital sign measurement. The optical characteristics considered for evaluation are Peak Resonance Reflectivity level, Side Lobes Reflectivity level and Full Width Half Maximum (FWHM). The proposed novel apodization novel function has better FWHM, which is narrower than the FWHM of uniform FBG. Sensor characteristics like a quality parameter, detection accuracy and sensitivity also show improvement. The proposed novel apodization function is demonstrated to have a better shift in wavelength in terms of temperature and pulse measurement than the existing functions. The sensitivity of the proposed apodized function is enhanced with a Poly-dimethylsiloxane coating of varying thickness, which is 6 times and 5.14 times greater than uniform Fiber Bragg grating and FBG with the proposed novel apodization function, respectively, enhancing its utilization in the field of medicine.

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Review of Fiber Optical Sensors and Its Importance in Sewer Corrosion Factor Analysis

Cited by 14 publications

References 199 publications

Advanced EIS-Based Sensor for Online Corrosion and Scaling Monitoring in Pipelines of Geothermal Power Plants

Advanced EIS-Based Sensor for Online Corrosion and Scaling Monitoring in Pipelines of Geothermal Power Plants

Advances in Tapered Optical Fiber Sensor Structures: From Conventional to Novel and Emerging

Novel Apodized Fiber Bragg Grating Applied for Medical Sensors: Performance Investigation

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