Review of explosive detection methodologies and the emergence of standoff deep UV resonance Raman

Abstract

Due to terrorist use of explosive devices, intense interest has been directed towards the development of techniques and instrumentation to detect explosives. A number of analytical techniques are currently under investigation for trace explosive detection. Several methods have been successfully commercialized including colorimetric kits, fluorescence quenching sensors, and ion mobility spectrometers that see widespread field use. A key limitation of all currently utilized field techniques is that they require close proximity or physical interaction with the object being analyzed. The ideal trace explosive detection technique would be able to detect trace amounts of explosives from a distance to ensure personnel safety. Laser‐based spectroscopies are the only currently viable techniques that can be utilized to sense trace amounts of explosives at standoff distances. This review compares currently used explosive detection techniques with recently developed standoff methods. We emphasize the development of UV resonance Raman spectroscopy for standoff explosive detection. This work has recently been enabled by advances in laser and spectrometer design. Trace explosive detection has also been advanced by the recently developed understanding of deep UV photochemistry for several explosive molecules. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Recent advances in linear and non‐linear Raman spectroscopy. Part XI

“…This work has recently been enabled by advances in laser and spectrometer design. Trace explosive detection has also been advanced by the recently developed understanding of deep UV photochemistry for several explosive molecules . Gebrekidan and co‐workers described a shifted‐excitation Raman difference spectroscopy (SERDS) evaluation strategy for the efficient isolation of Raman spectra from extreme fluorescence interference.…”

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A Rapid and Sensitive Quantitative Analysis Method for TNT using Raman Spectroscopy

“…And it is very sensitive to the conformation of polymer chains and the interactions between chains, providing information on the physicochemical properties of polymer [10][11][12]. In addition, it has also been widely used in the analysis and detection of explosives [8,13,14], especially for the identification of trace amounts of residues [15,16]. However, most studies focus on the qualitative de-tection of compounds, a quantitative analysis via Raman spectroscopy is rarely reported.…”

Detection of Toxic Chemicals on Ground by Stand‐off Raman Spectroscopy

“…2 In this method, the spectrum of Raman scattered light from chemical by irradiated light, which is similar to the fingerprint of each chemical, is analyzed. 2 In this method, the spectrum of Raman scattered light from chemical by irradiated light, which is similar to the fingerprint of each chemical, is analyzed.…”