Review of European Thyroid Association Guideline (2018) for the Manage-ment of Graves’ Hyperthyroidism

Фадеев, В. В.

doi:10.14341/ket12474

Clin Exp Thyroid

2020

DOI: 10.14341/ket12474

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Review of European Thyroid Association Guideline (2018) for the Manage-ment of Graves’ Hyperthyroidism

В. В. Фадеев

Abstract: Болезнь Грейвса (БГ)-системное аутоиммунное заболевание, характеризующееся инфильтрацией тканей, экспрессирующих рецептор тиреотропного гормона (ТТГ), а также Т-лимфоцитами, специфичными к антигенам щитовидной железы (ЩЖ). При БГ стимулирующие антитела (АТ) активируют рецептор к ТТГ (рТТГ), что приводит к гиперплазии ЩЖ и нерегулируемой гиперпродукции и гиперсекреции тиреоидных гормонов. Диагностика БГ базируется на лабораторном подтверждении тиреотоксикоза, повышении уровня АТ-рТТГ, обнаружении гиперваскуляри… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications

References 162 publications

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Intraoperative identification of parathyroid glands during endocrine surgery

2022

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Nowadays, diabetes and diseases of thyroid gland take place on the first two stage in the rank of all endocrine diseases. There are 3 directions to treat thyroid glands pathologies such as: using special pills which substitute natural thyroid hormones, surgery and radioiodine therapy. It has proven that surgery of thyroid gland is the most effective method among considering upper. at The same time, it is associated with the greatest risks of complications. The most common injuries are damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve and unintentional traumatization or removal of a healthy parathyroid gland. Parathyroid gland is a critical organ during thyroid surgery. It means that all negative reaction nearby the structure can lead to development different complications: hypoparathyroidism (transient or chronic) and hypocalcemia. In this article is considered actual methods of intraoperative optical visualization of parathyroid glans. The fundamental foundations of such methods, their advantages and disadvantages are also analyzed. It is shown that fluorescent methods in the red and near infrared regions of the spectrum using exogenous dyes have essential importance for endocrine surgery, as they allow to improve identification and reduce the risk of postoperative complications.

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Intraoperative identification of parathyroid glands during endocrine surgery

2022

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Features of cognitive impairment in patients with thyroid dysfunction

Romashevsky,

Salukhov,

Maxim

2023

Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy

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The study presents research results on the effect of thyroid hormones on cognitive function in patients with thyroid diseases. The study highlighted the mechanisms of the development of cognitive disorders in these patients, which include altered neurotransmission processes and expression of genes responsible for the proliferation of neurons and glial cells, bloodbrain barrier dysfunction, decreased plasticity of neurons, and damage to brain tissue repair systems, which allows for identifying new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cognitive disorders. Thyroid metabolism disorders are manifested by numerous symptoms, including those associated with cognitive deficits. Thus, the true cause of the disease must be identified, since the correction of thyroid hormone levels will lead to symptom regression, whereas symptomatic treatment is not always effective and may worsen the course of the underlying disease. In patients from different age groups, thyroid dysfunction is one of the causes of cognitive impairment. Cognitive decline, dysphoria, and depression are the most common in hypothyroidism, and thyrotoxicosis is accompanied by symptoms of arousal, mood lability, psychosis, and apathy. Cognitive impairment negatively affects the quality of life of patients, worsens treatment adherence, and can promote the development of acute and chronic complications associated with thyroid diseases. An equally important problem is the insufficiency of objective criteria for the verification of cognitive impairment and the lack of effective treatment methods and consequently the late and ineffective implementation of therapeutic measures. In general, thyroid dysfunction is accompanied by various neurocognitive disorders, and severity depends on sex and the etiology, duration, and severity of the disease. Correction of thyroid metabolism disorders does not always eliminate cognitive impairments; therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is needed, with the participation of not only endocrinologists but also specialists in neuropsychiatric profile. Further research on the pathogenesis of cognitive disorders in thyroid dysfunction will allow for identifying new therapeutic strategies aimed at early detection and correction of cognitive deficits, reducing the risk of neurodegenerative processes, and ultimately will reduce the treatment and rehabilitation time.

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Influence of the transferred coronavirus infection on diseases of the endocrine system in athletes

Tenyaeva,

Turova,

Badtieva

et al. 2023

jour

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Purpose: to study the effect of the transferred viral (on the example of COVID‑19) infection on the endocrine system of athletes.Materials and methods: the data of 1114 athletes (average age 22.23 ± 4.18 years) who underwent in‑depth medical examination in the period 2021–2022 were analyzed. The examination included an analysis of sports and infectious anamnesis, the results of hormonal, biochemical and instrumental studies.Results: coronavirus infection was suffered by the majority of athletes — 724 people (65 %) — in the vast majority of cases (91 %), their disease was asymptomatic or mild. 390 athletes (35 %) had no history of infection. There was a significant increase in the incidence of hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, insulin‑dependent diabetes mellitus, autoimmune thyroiditis among athletes who had a coronavirus infection when compared with athletes who were not ill. The development of endocrine diseases did not depend on the severity of the infection and was most often detected with its mild and asymptomatic course. During the examination, six cases of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus and eight cases of thyrotoxicosis were detected among athletes who had a coronavirus infection. The development of these conditions did not depend on the severity of the infection. At the same time, only 1 case of thyrotoxicosis was registered in athletes who were not ill, no new cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus were diagnosed. In the present study, no association was found between the transmitted coronavirus infection and an increase in the number of cases of nodular goiter, hyperprolactinemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Conclusion: the results of the study showed that in the long‑term period after COVID‑19, autoimmune endocrine diseases, such as primary hypothyroidism, diffuse‑toxic goiter with thyrotoxicosis, autoimmune thyroiditis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, were significantly more often manifested in athletes, which is probably associated with a cross‑lesion of autoimmunity against a background of viral infection.

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Review of European Thyroid Association Guideline (2018) for the Manage-ment of Graves’ Hyperthyroidism

Cited by 4 publications

References 162 publications

Intraoperative identification of parathyroid glands during endocrine surgery

Intraoperative identification of parathyroid glands during endocrine surgery

Features of cognitive impairment in patients with thyroid dysfunction

Influence of the transferred coronavirus infection on diseases of the endocrine system in athletes

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