Review of electrospun microtube array membrane (MTAM)‐a novel new class of hollow fiber for encapsulated cell therapy (ECT) in clinical applications

Abstract

Encapsulated cell therapy (ECT) shows significant potential for treating neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, which currently lack curative medicines and must be managed symptomatically. This novel technique encapsulates functional cells with a semi‐permeable membrane, providing protection while enabling critical nutrients and therapeutic substances to pass through. Traditional ECT procedures, on the other hand, pose difficulties in terms of cell survival and retrieval. We introduce the Microtube Array Membrane (MTAM), a revolutionary technology that solves these constraints, in this comprehensive overview. Microtube Array Membrane has distinct microstructures that improve encapsulated cells' long‐term viability by combining the advantages of macro and micron scales. Importantly, the MTAM platform improves biosafety by allowing the entire encapsulated unit to be retrieved in the event of an adverse reaction. Our findings show that MTAM‐based ECT has a great potential in a variety of illness situations. For cancer treatment, hybridoma cells secreting anti‐CEACAM 6 antibodies inhibit triple‐negative breast cancer cell lines for an extended period of time. In animal brain models of Alzheimer's disease, hybridoma cells secreting anti‐pTau antibodies successfully reduce pTau buildup, accompanied by improvements in memory performance. In mouse models, MTAM‐encapsulated primary cardiac mesenchymal stem cells dramatically improve overall survival and heart function. These findings illustrate the efficacy and adaptability of MTAM‐based ECT in addressing major issues such as immunological isolation, cell viability, and patient safety. We provide new possibilities for the treatment of neurodegenerative illnesses and other conditions by combining the potential of ECT with MTAM. Continued research and development in this subject has a lot of promise for developing cell therapy and giving hope to people suffering from chronic diseases.