Review of effects of dielectric coatings on electrical exploding wires and<i>Z</i>pinches

Wu, Jian; Li, Xingwen; Li, Mo; Yang, Li; Qiu, Aici

doi:10.1088/1361-6463/aa86a1

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The time-dependent inductance of the EP is calculated by: where a(t) is the time-dependent EP radius, and l is the wire length. Initial conditions for equation (10) are:…”

Section: The Circuit Submodelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…summarized in Exploding Wires I-IV [2][3][4][5]. Over the last few decades, progress on Z-pinch radiation sources, inertial confinement fusion and potential industrial applications, including nanoparticle synthesis, electrohydraulic forming, food processing, and stratum stimulation have restored interest in the EWE phenomenon [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…water) and solids (e.g. insulation coating) [10], the electric breakdown along the wire surface is suppressed due to the high breakdown strength of the medium, and the Joule energy deposition into the wire can be greatly increased [7]. In particular, for underwater EWEs (UEWEs), there is no report of a current shunting plasma channel along the wire surface (water breakdown strength ∼100 kV cm −1 for µs time scale discharges [38]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrical wire explosion as a source of underwater shock waves

Shi¹,

Yin²,

Li³

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The underwater electrical wire explosion (UEWE) is an appealing source of underwater shock waves (SWs) with a high conversion efficiency from electrical energy to mechanical energy, good repeatability and controllability. Industrial applications are already seen in oil-well unblocking and stratum stimulation, and research is currently underway to apply UEWEs in electro-hydraulic forming, exploitation of unconventional gas and oil resources, etc. The emerging new applications call for a review on UEWE research from the perspective of an efficient SW source. This review paper considers the physical processes and numerical simulation methods, electrical and SW characteristics, and current and potential applications, and provides suggestions for future research directions. The code (XJ_UEWE01) developed by the authors to solve a coupling model of UEWE is included. The paper will provide students and researchers new to this field with an explanation of basic concepts of UEWE and a detailed overview of previous studies, and will aid research on UEWE applications, especially device development and parameter optimization.

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“…The time-dependent inductance of the EP is calculated by: where a(t) is the time-dependent EP radius, and l is the wire length. Initial conditions for equation (10) are:…”

Section: The Circuit Submodelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electrical wire explosion as a source of underwater shock waves

Shi¹,

Yin²,

Li³

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…In addition, how to reduce ETI is still an open question. Although the dielectric coatings can mitigate the density perturbation arising from ETI, [20,33] the coatings may be not beneficial to the x-ray radiation and yields because the load mass is increased. Recently, some experiments based on the MagLIF concept indicated that the external axial magnetic field caused the helical instability structures and the reduction in overall instability amplitude, [34] however, the effect of the axial magnetic field on ETI needs to be further investigated.…”

Section: D Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary investigation on electrothermal instabilities in early phases of cylindrical foil implosions on primary test stand facility

et al. 2019

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Recent experiments on the implosions of 15-mm long and 2-µm thick aluminum liners having a diameter of 12.8 mm have been performed on the primary test stand (PTS) facility. The stratified structures are observed as alternating dark and light transverse stripes in the laser shadowgraph images. These striations perpendicular to the current flow are formed early in the implosion, i.e., at the stage when the bulk of the material mass was almost at rest. A two-dimensional (2D) magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) code is employed to simulate the behavior of liner dynamics in the early phases. It is found that the striations may be produced by the electrothermal instability (ETI) that results from non-uniform Joule heating due to the characteristic relation between the resistivity and the temperature. In 2D simulations, the stratified structures can be seen obviously in both density and temperature contours as the liner expands rapidly. By analyzing instability spectrum, the dominant wavelengths of the perturbations are 8.33 µm-20.0 µm, which agree qualitatively with the theoretical predictions. It is also interesting to show that ETI provides a significant seed to the subsequent magneto Rayleigh-Taylor (MRT) instability.

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“…There are a lot of measured images from the wire-array (without preconditioning) Z-pinch experiments to demonstrate that the majority of wire-array substance has been ablated due to Joule heating and is radially swept inward towards the array axis by 𝑗 × 𝐵 force, while the wire-cores keep stationary at their original positions before its implosion begins. [7][8][9][10][11][12] So actually inside the wire-array is prefilled with ablated plasma, whose density varies with time and radius. It is possibly very low sometime and somewhere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical studies on the evolution processes of rarefied deuterium plasma shell Z-pinch by PIC and MHD simulations

Ning¹,

Zhang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2018

Chinese Phys. B

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In this paper, we analytically explore the magnetic field and mass density evolutions obtained in particle-in-cell (PIC) and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations of a rarefied deuterium shell Z-pinch and compare those results, and also we study the effects of artificially increased Spitzer resistivity on the magnetic field evolution and Z-pinch dynamic process in the MHD simulation. There are significant differences between the profiles of mass density in the PIC and MHD simulations before 45 ns of the Z-pinch in this study. However, after the shock formation in the PIC simulation, the mass density profile is similar to that in the MHD simulation in the case of using multiplier 2 to modify the Spitzer resistivity. Compared with the magnetic field profiles of the PIC simulation of the shell, the magnetic field diffusion has still not been sufficiently revealed in the MHD simulation even though their convergence ratios become the same by using larger multipliers in the resistivity. The MHD simulation results suggest that the magnetic field diffusion is greatly enhanced by increasing the Spitzer resistivity used, which, however, causes the implosion characteristic to change from shock compression to weak shock, even shockless evolution, and expedites the expansion of the shell. Too large a multiplier is not suggested to be used to modify the resistivity in some Z-pinch applications, such as the Z-pinch driven inertial confinement fusion (ICF) in a dynamic hohlraum. Two-fluid or Hall MHD model, even the PIC/fluid hybrid simulation would be considered as a suitable physical model when there exist the plasma regions with very low density in the simulated domain.

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Review of effects of dielectric coatings on electrical exploding wires andZpinches

Cited by 32 publications

References 67 publications

Electrical wire explosion as a source of underwater shock waves

Electrical wire explosion as a source of underwater shock waves

Preliminary investigation on electrothermal instabilities in early phases of cylindrical foil implosions on primary test stand facility

Analytical studies on the evolution processes of rarefied deuterium plasma shell Z-pinch by PIC and MHD simulations

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