Review of concerned SARS-CoV-2 variants like Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529), as well as novel methods for reducing and inactivating SARS-CoV-2 mutants in wastewater treatment facilities

Zahmatkesh, Sasan; Rezakhani, Yousof; Wang, Chongqing

doi:10.1016/j.hazadv.2022.100140

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Variant tracking from wastewater cannot confirm the presence of a specific variant because COVID-19 genetic material in wastewater is often fragmented (Gregory et al, 2022; Wolfe et al, 2022); as a result, it poses a significant challenge to detect all characteristics mutations of a particular variant linked to a single genome. However, detecting multiple mutations associated with a variant or unique mutations absent in others increases the confidence of the presence of a specific variant in wastewater (Kirby et al, 2022; Zahmatkesh et al, 2022). Therefore, we also analyzed all the samples manually using the iVar SNP calling pipeline to gain in-depth insights into the mutation profile of low-sequenced samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Campus Sewage Water Surveillance based dynamics and infection trends of SARS-CoV-2 variants during third wave of COVID-19 in Pune, India

Malik

Rajput

Pramanik

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) of SARS-CoV-2 is a quick and cost-effective method of tracking virus transmission. However, few studies reported on campus or in academic or residential settings worldwide. In this study, we demonstrated the WBE approach to detect, monitor, and evaluate genomic variants of SARS-CoV-2 fragments in a sewage treatment plant (STP) located on the campus of CSIR National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India. Herein we describe the early warning capability of WBE, with viral load rise in campus sewage water up to 14 days before its clinical detection. This was supported further by a significant correlation between SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration and clinically reported COVID-19 cases on campus. Additionally, we comprehended the probable targets missed by the quantitative qRT-PCR using amplicon-based sequencing due to low viral load. The analysis revealed the presence of signature mutations of the Omicron (S:N679K, S:N764K, S:D796Y, N:P13L, ORF1a:T3255I, ORF1a:K856R, ORF1a:P3395H, and N:S413R) before the lineage was first detected globally. Further, we used Lineage decomposition (LCS) tool to detect the Variant of Concern (VOC)/Variant of Interest (VOI) signals upto a month earlier in sewage water samples. The analysis also indicated the transition of lineage from Delta to Omicron in late Decemeber,2021. This is the first study in India highlighting the use of on-campus STP to evaluate the local spread of SARS-CoV-2, which could aid in preventing COVID-19 in academic institutes/universities. This study proves the usefulness of WBE as an early warning system for detecting, tracking and tracing VOCs using the sequencing approach. The current study could aid in taking critical decisions to tackle the pandemic scenario on campus.HighlightsThe first study on campus sewage water for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in IndiaEarly detection of Omicron VOC signals during early November 2021Sequencing revealed the presence of Omicron VOC fragments prior to clinical cases reported on campusGenomic analysis indicated transition of Delta to Omicron lineage in late December 2021 and potentially led to the third waveCombining qRT-PCR and sequencing could be useful for on-campus tracking of variants using wastewater surveillance

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Campus Sewage Water Surveillance based dynamics and infection trends of SARS-CoV-2 variants during third wave of COVID-19 in Pune, India

Malik

Rajput

Pramanik

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The viruses survived on plastic surfaces for up to five days at room temperature and 3 h in aerosols (Prather et al 2020 ). Due to MPs' ability to be carried in the air, SARS-CoV-2 can incubate in formed viral biofilms on their surfaces (Zahmatkesh et al 2022d ). Since MPs are carried airborne over long distances (over 100 km), this allows for a more extended range of travel for the virus than is currently expected (Wang et al 2020a , b , c ) (Table 4 ).…”

Section: Microplastics In the Airbornementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, proof substances prevent rapid evaporation, thereby extending virus survival. It would appear that SARS-CoV-2 can survive and internalise MPs with the help of the protective protein coating they acquire during environmental exposure, referred to as eco-corona (Zahmatkesh et al 2022d ).…”

Section: Microplastics In the Airbornementioning

confidence: 99%

Various advanced wastewater treatment methods to remove microplastics and prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to airborne microplastics

Zahmatkesh

Klemeš

Bokhari

et al. 2022

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Microplastics (MPs) and SARS-CoV-2 interact due to their widespread presence in our environment and affect the virus' behaviour indoors and outdoors. Therefore, it is necessary to study the interaction between MPs and SARS-CoV-2. The environmental damage caused by MPs is increasing globally. Emerging pollutants may adversely affect organisms, especially sewage, posing a threat to human health, animal health, and the ecological system. A significant concern with MPs in the air is that they are a vital component of MPs in the other environmental compartments, such as water and soil, which may affect human health through ingesting or inhaling. This work introduces the fundamental knowledge of various methods in advanced water treatment, including membrane bioreactors, advanced oxidation processes, adsorption, etc., are highly effective in removing MPs; they can still serve as an entrance route due to their constantly being discharged into aquatic environments. Following that, an analysis of each process for MPs' removal and mitigation or prevention of SARS-CoV-2 contamination is discussed. Next, an airborne microplastic has been reported in urban areas, raising health concerns since aerosols are considered a possible route of SARS-CoV-2 disease transmission and bind to airborne MP surfaces. The MPs can be removed from wastewater through conventional treatment processes with physical processes such as screening, grit chambers, and pre-sedimentation.

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“…It may cause odor and disturb human health when the wastewater changes color to a blackish brown over time ( Blackburne et al, 2008 ). To prevent disruption of public health, it is necessary to treat wastewater before it is discharged freely into the body of water ( Zahmatkesh et al, 2022a , Zahmatkesh et al, 2022b , Zahmatkesh et al, 2022c , Zahmatkesh et al, 2022d , Zahmatkesh et al, 2022e , Zahmatkesh et al, 2022 ). Water is essential for human survival, but wastewater requires our attention because most diseases are caused by water, which is a basic necessity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 removal by mix matrix membrane: A novel application of artificial neural network based simulation in MATLAB for evaluating wastewater reuse risks

et al. 2023

Self Cite

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Review of concerned SARS-CoV-2 variants like Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529), as well as novel methods for reducing and inactivating SARS-CoV-2 mutants in wastewater treatment facilities

Cited by 14 publications

References 130 publications

Campus Sewage Water Surveillance based dynamics and infection trends of SARS-CoV-2 variants during third wave of COVID-19 in Pune, India

Campus Sewage Water Surveillance based dynamics and infection trends of SARS-CoV-2 variants during third wave of COVID-19 in Pune, India

Various advanced wastewater treatment methods to remove microplastics and prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to airborne microplastics

SARS-CoV-2 removal by mix matrix membrane: A novel application of artificial neural network based simulation in MATLAB for evaluating wastewater reuse risks

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