Review of characteristics of anammox bacteria and strategies for anammox start-up for sustainable wastewater resource management

Wu, Guangxue; Zhang, Tianqi; Gu, Mengqi; Chen, Zhuo; Yin, Qidong

doi:10.2166/wst.2020.443

Cited by 31 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…Anammox generally occurs at low organic carbon levels [81]. As reported above, DOC and Brocadiae community abundance were instead positively correlated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Metabolic diversity and aero-tolerance in anammox bacteria from geochemically distinct aquifers

Mosley

Gios

Weaver

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is important for converting bioavailable nitrogen into dinitrogen gas, particularly in carbon poor environments. Yet, the diversity and prevalence of anammox bacteria in the terrestrial subsurface – a typically oligotrophic environment – is little understood across different geochemical conditions. To determine the distribution and activity of anammox bacteria across a range of aquifer lithologies and physicochemistries, we analysed 16S rRNA genes, metagenomes and metatranscriptomes, and quantified hydrazine synthase genes and transcripts sampled from 59 groundwater wells distributed over 1 240 km2. Results: Data indicate that anammox-associated bacteria (class Brocadiae) and the anammox process are prevalent in aquifers (identified in aquifers with sandy-gravel, sandsilt and volcanic lithologies). While Brocadiae diversity decreased with increasing DO, Brocadiae 16S rRNA genes and hydrazine synthase genes and transcripts (hydrazine synthase, hzsB) were detected across a wide range of bulk groundwater dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations (0 – 10 mg/L). Anammox genes and transcripts (hzsB) correlated significantly with those involved in bacterial and archaeal ammonia oxidation (ammonia monooxygenase, amoA), which could represent a major source of nitrite for anammox. Differences in anammox community composition were strongly associated with DO and bore depth (and to a lesser extent pH and phosphate), revealing niche differentiation among anammox bacteria in groundwater that was largely driven by water oxygen contents, and not ammonium/nitrite. Eight Brocadiae genomes (63-95% estimated completeness) reconstructed from a subset of groundwater sites belong to 2 uncharacterized families and 6 novel species (based on average nucleotide identity). Distinct groups of these genomes dominated the anammox-associated community at dysoxic and oxic sites, further reflecting the influence of DO on Brocadiae composition. Six of the genomes (dominating dysoxic or oxic sites) have genes characteristic of anammox (hydrazine synthase and/or dehydrogenase). These genes, in addition to aerotolerance genes, belonging to four Brocadiae genomes, were transcriptionally active, although transcript numbers clearly highest in dyoxic groundwater. Conclusions: Our findings indicate anammox bacteria contribute to loss of fixed N across diverse anoxic-to-oxic aquifer conditions, and that this is likely supported by nitrite from aerobic ammonia oxidation. Results provide an insight into the distribution and activity of anammox bacteria across distinct aquifer physicochemisties.

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“…Anammox generally occurs at low organic carbon levels [81]. As reported above, DOC and Brocadiae community abundance were instead positively correlated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Metabolic diversity and aero-tolerance in anammox bacteria from geochemically distinct aquifers

Mosley

Gios

Weaver

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…92 The doubling times for DAMO microorganisms are close to the reported values of Anammox bacteria, 18–46 days (29 °C) and 24–79 days (down to 12.5 °C), 245 although some highly active Anammox bacteria showed a much shorter doubling time (around 2 days). 246 The generally long doubling times explain why AOM microorganisms require months or years to be enriched 247 and the low biomass can limit the overall rate of AOM.…”

Section: Factors That Influence the Aom Rates And Issues In Rate Meas...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) in mitigating methane emission from major natural and anthropogenic sources: a review of AOM rates in recent publications

Gao

Wang

Lee

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci.: Adv.

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“…The mixed distribution of strict anaerobes together with aerobes and facultative aerobes within the HZ could be due to mixing and turbidity at the stream bottom, which might resuspend and distribute sediments to different zones. The presence of 16S rRNA gene sequences affiliated with the bacterial groups of Candidatus "Brocadia" and Candidatus "Anammoximicrobium", which are known to perform anaerobic oxidation of ammonium (anammox) (Wu et al, 2020), may show that anammox via nitrite reduction was also ongoing. Because the anammox bacteria overlapped with anaerobic CH 4 -oxidizing bacteria (Candidatus "Methylomirabilis" and Crenothrix) in the vertical profile, our results might show that, similar to anoxic lake bottom water (Einsiedl et al, 2020), a coupling of anammox with NO − 2 -dependent CH 4 oxidation (N-DAMO) is possible in the anoxic sediments of the HZ.…”

Section: Microbial Communities At Location Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution vertical biogeochemical profiles in the hyporheic zone reveal insights into microbial methane cycling

et al. 2022

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Abstract. Facing the challenges of climate change, policy making relies on sound greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets. Rivers and streams emit large quantities of the potent GHG methane (CH4), but their global impact on atmospheric CH4 concentrations is highly uncertain. In situ data from the hyporheic zone (HZ), where most CH4 is produced and some of it can be oxidized to CO2, are lacking for an accurate description of CH4 production and consumption in streams. To address this, we recorded high-resolution depth-resolved geochemical profiles at five different locations in the stream bed of the river Moosach, southern Germany. Specifically, we measured pore-water concentrations and stable carbon isotopes (δ13C) of dissolved CH4 as well as relevant electron acceptors for oxidation with a 1 cm vertical depth resolution. Findings were interpreted with the help of a numerical model, and 16S rRNA gene analyses added information on the microbial community at one of the locations. Our data confirm with pore-water CH4 concentrations of up to 1000 µmol L−1 that large quantities of CH4 are produced in the HZ. Stable isotope measurements of CH4 suggest that hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis represents a dominant pathway for CH4 production in the HZ of the river Moosach, while a relatively high abundance of a novel group of methanogenic archaea, the Candidatus “Methanomethyliales” (phylum Candidatus “Verstraetearchaeota”), indicate that CH4 production through H2-dependent methylotrophic methanogenesis might also be an important CH4 source. Combined isotopic and modeling results clearly implied CH4 oxidation processes at one of the sampled locations, but due to the steep chemical gradients and the close proximity of the oxygen and nitrate reduction zones, no single electron acceptor for this process could be identified. Nevertheless, the numerical modeling results showed potential not only for aerobic CH4 oxidation but also for anaerobic oxidation of CH4 coupled to denitrification. In addition, the nitrate–methane transition zone was characterized by an increased relative abundance of microbial groups (Crenothrix, NC10) known to mediate nitrate and nitrite-dependent methane oxidation in the hyporheic zone. This study demonstrates substantial CH4 production in hyporheic sediments, a potential for aerobic and anaerobic CH4 oxidation, and underlines the high spatiotemporal variability in this habitat.

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Review of characteristics of anammox bacteria and strategies for anammox start-up for sustainable wastewater resource management

Cited by 31 publications

References 131 publications

Metabolic diversity and aero-tolerance in anammox bacteria from geochemically distinct aquifers

Metabolic diversity and aero-tolerance in anammox bacteria from geochemically distinct aquifers

Significance of anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) in mitigating methane emission from major natural and anthropogenic sources: a review of AOM rates in recent publications

High-resolution vertical biogeochemical profiles in the hyporheic zone reveal insights into microbial methane cycling

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