Review of Biomarkers in Ocular Matrices: Challenges and Opportunities

Tamhane, Mitalee; Cabrera-Ghayouri, Sara; Abelian, Grigor; Viswanath, Veena

doi:10.1007/s11095-019-2569-8

Cited by 122 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 267 publications

(284 reference statements)

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“…Single markers have been used clinically for many years, but there are still shortcomings such as low sensitivity and speci city. So far, numerous studies have demonstrated that combination markers could improve sensitivity and speci city and better predict the prognosis of patients [33,34]. Furthermore, given the heterogeneity of bladder cancer, it is unlikely to identify its progression by a single marker.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of genome-wide mutation profile and establishment of risk signature for prognosis of bladder cancer

Zhao¹,

Ma²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Emerging studies have shown that a variety of gene mutations occur in development and progression of cancer and highly mutation genes could play oncogenic or tumor suppressive roles in cancer. Therefore, our aim is to explore mutation genes which affect the prognosis of bladder.Methods: Mutation profile was obtained and analyzed from TCGA data set. A mutation-based signature was established by multivariable Cox regression analysis. Kaplan-Meier was performed to assess the prognostic power of signature. Time-dependent ROC was conducted to evaluate predictive accuracy of signature for bladder cancer patients.Results: There are 20177 genes have alteration in 403 bladder patients and 662 of them were frequently variation (mutation frequency > 5%). In this study, we assessed the prognostic predictive ability of 662 highly mutated genes and identified a mutation signature as an independent indicator for predicting the prognosis of bladder. The time-dependent ROC showed that AUC were 0.893, 0.896, 0.916 and 0.965 at 1, 3, 5 and 10 year, respectively. Stratified analysis and Multivariate Cox analysis showed that this mutation signature was reliable and independent biomarker. Furthermore, the nomogram predictive model can be used to effectively predict clinical prognosis of bladder patients. The decision analysis curve showed patients with risk threshold of 0.03-0.92 potentially yielded clinical net benefit. Finally, we identified several signaling pathways that associated with risk score by GSEA and KEGG analysis including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and so on.Conclusions: In general, this study provide an optimal mutation signature as potential prognosis biomarker for bladder patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of genome-wide mutation profile and establishment of risk signature for prognosis of bladder cancer

Zhao¹,

Ma²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Aqueous humor (AH) and vitreous are the most suitable matrices for evaluating relevant biomarkers for posterior segment disorders, such as DR. They are difficult to access matrices, requiring an invasive procedure performed in the clinic to facilitate specimen collection, leading to significant ocular complications [73]. Evaluation of ocular biomarkers provides valuable information regarding disease progression and this makes it a critical component of the discovery and development of ophthalmic drugs.…”

Section: Ocular Matrices: Tears Aqueous Humor and Vitreous Humormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Potentially valuable information can be obtained from the analysis of these samples, however, there are potential risks associated with their collection. The methods are highly invasive and can create a risk of additional damage to the cornea and lens [73]. Post-mortem eye samples will have different profiles than those collected from living patients due to the accumulation of metabolic waste and other uncontrolled post-mortem processes.…”

Section: Aqueous Humormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the vitreous contains other proteins such as albumin, globulins, clotting proteins, and complement factors that have accumulated from blood filtration or the spread of surrounding tissue and vasculature [85]. The anatomical position of this matrix in contact and close with the retina makes it an ideal compartment for taking samples that reflect biochemical and pathophysiological changes when there are states of retinal or vitreoretinal disease, including PDR [73,86].…”

Section: Vitreous Humormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A biomarker provide a powerful and dynamic approach to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying eye disease, supporting information for diagnosis, disease control, or to predict clinical response to treatment [73]. Biomarkers can help to understand DR and contribute to the development of new treatments or new clinical strategies to prevent vision loss [91].…”

Section: Measurement Of Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Importance of the Use of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Inflammatory Profile in Aqueous and Vitreous Humor in Diabetic Retinopathy

et al. 2020

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Diabetic retinopathy is one of the leading causes of visual impairment and morbidity worldwide, being the number one cause of blindness in people between 27 and 75 years old. It is estimated that ~191 million people will be diagnosed with this microvascular complication by 2030. Its pathogenesis is due to alterations in the retinal microvasculature as a result of a high concentration of glucose in the blood for a long time which generates numerous molecular changes like oxidative stress. Therefore, this narrative review aims to approach various biomarkers associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy. Focusing on the molecules showing promise as detection tools, among them we consider markers of oxidative stress (TAC, LPO, MDA, 4-HNE, SOD, GPx, and catalase), inflammation (IL-6, IL-1ß, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, TNF-α, and MMPs), apoptosis (NF-kB, cyt-c, and caspases), and recently those that have to do with epigenetic modifications, their measurement in different biological matrices obtained from the eye, including importance, obtaining process, handling, and storage of these matrices in order to have the ability to detect the disease in its early stages.

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Highly Scalable, Wearable Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Liu

Pancorbo

Xiao

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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The last two decades have witnessed a dramatic growth of wearable sensor technology, mainly represented by flexible, stretchable, on‐skin electronic sensors that provide rich information of the wearer's health conditions and surroundings. A recent breakthrough in the field is the development of wearable chemical sensors based on surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) that can detect molecular fingerprints universally, sensitively, and noninvasively. However, while their sensing properties are excellent, these sensors are not scalable for widespread use beyond small‐scale human health monitoring due to their cumbersome fabrication process and limited multifunctional sensing capabilities. Here, a highly scalable, wearable SERS sensor is demonstrated based on an easy‐to‐fabricate, low‐cost, ultrathin, flexible, stretchable, adhesive, and biointegratable gold nanomesh. It can be fabricated in any shape and worn on virtually any surface for label‐free, large‐scale, in situ sensing of diverse analytes from low to high concentrations (10–106 × 10−9 m). To show the practical utility of the wearable SERS sensor, the sensor is tested for the detection of sweat biomarkers, drugs of abuse, and microplastics. This wearable SERS sensor represents a significant step toward the generalizability and practicality of wearable sensing technology.

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Review of Biomarkers in Ocular Matrices: Challenges and Opportunities

Cited by 122 publications

References 267 publications

Analysis of genome-wide mutation profile and establishment of risk signature for prognosis of bladder cancer

Analysis of genome-wide mutation profile and establishment of risk signature for prognosis of bladder cancer

Importance of the Use of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Inflammatory Profile in Aqueous and Vitreous Humor in Diabetic Retinopathy

Highly Scalable, Wearable Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

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