Review of Biofouling Paints on the Marine Vessel

Manoj, Sekar; Mahesh, Santhanakrishnan; Srikanth, Narasimalu

doi:10.1109/acept.2018.8610796

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The sediment characteristic featuring high Cu/Fe, Pb/Fe, and Zn/Fe probably represents a specific source of heavy metals in fishing ports-antifouling paints and oil spills. After the use of tributyltin coatings was banned in 2001, the antifouling paints composed of biocides with metal compounds, especially Cu, Pb, and Zn, have been commonly used as alternative anti-biofouling and anti-corrosive compounds [72]. The Cu, Pb, and Zn compounds released from the antifouling paints tend to adsorb onto suspended particulate matter and settle in the sediments.…”

Section: Potential Sources Of Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Fishing Vessels on the Heavy Metal Contamination in Sediments: A Case Study of Qianzhen Fishing Port in Southern Taiwan

Lim

Chen

Tsai

et al. 2022

Water

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Routine maintenance of fishing vessels and wastewater discharges are primary sources of heavy metals in fishing ports. Sediment pollution assessment is necessary in fishing port management, including sediment dredging and disposal, sewage treatment facility construction, and pollution source control. In this study, sediment heavy metal contents in Qianzhen Fishing Port, the largest pelagic fishery port in Taiwan, were investigated to assess the contamination levels and related potential ecological risks using multiple sediment pollution indices. Normalization methods were applied to identify the potential sources of heavy metals in fishing port sediments. Results showed that Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cr contents in the sediments of the inner fishing port (averages of 276, 742, 113, and 221 mg/kg, respectively) were 3–5 times greater compared to those along the port entrance and outside, indicating the strong impacts of anthropogenic pollution (EFCu: 5.6–12.5; EFZn: 2.8–4.3; EFPb: 2.4–5.4; EFCr: 1.1–3.2). Copper pollution was more severe, with high maxima contamination factor (CFCu: 15.1–24.8), probably contributed by copper-based antifouling paints used in fishing vessels. The sediments in the inner fishing port are categorized as having considerable ecological risk and toxicity (mERMq: 0.61–0.91; ΣTU: 7.5–11.7) that can potentially cause adverse effects on benthic organisms. Qianzhen Fishing Port sediments can be characterized as high Cu/Fe and Pb/Fe, moderate Zn/Fe, and high total grease content, indicating that the potential sources of heavy metals are primarily antifouling paints and oil spills from the fishing vessels. This study provides valuable data for pollution control, remediation, and environmental management of fishing ports.

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Section: Potential Sources Of Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Fishing Vessels on the Heavy Metal Contamination in Sediments: A Case Study of Qianzhen Fishing Port in Southern Taiwan

Lim

Chen

Tsai

et al. 2022

Water

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“…Many governments have banned or restricted the use of these substances and in January 2008, the international maritime organization banned them all (Arai et al, 2009). Currently, eighteen distinct booster biocides are at least utilized as antifouling paint alternatives, however they could represent a risk to the aquatic ecosystem as has been demonstrated recently (Barletta et al, 2018;Manoj et al, 2018;Raf et al, 2018;Nwuzor et al, 2021). As a result, new ecologically friendly antifoulants are in high demand (Ciriminna et al, 2015;Anisimov et al, 2019;Koning et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fouling resistance investigations of seaweed products

Jasim

Jabr²,

Karim³

et al. 2024

Braz. J. Biol.

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Any solid, unprotected, and undefended surface in the aquatic environment will be fouled. Fouling, on the other hand, can affect a wide range of species that can tolerate some epibiosis. Several others, on the other hand, aggressively keep the epibionts off their body surface (antifouling). Antifouling defenses are built into marine plants like seaweed and seagrass. They do have a distinctive surface structure with tightly packed needle-like peaks and antifouling coverings, which may hinder settling bacteria's ability to cling. Chemical antifouling resistance is most probably a biological reaction to epibiosis' ecological drawbacks, especially for organisms capable of performing photosynthesis. The goal of this study was to see how effective natural compounds derived from littoral seaweeds were in preventing fouling. The brown mussel, an important fouling organism, was evaluated in laboratory bioassays against fifty-one populations' crude organic extracts including fort-two macroalgae species. Antifouling activity, exhibited a distinct phylogenetic pattern, with red macroalgae having the largest share of active species, subsequently brown macroalgae. Antifouling action in green seaweeds has never been significant. Seven species showed some level of induced antifouling defense. Our findings appear to back up previous findings about secondary metabolite synthesis in seaweeds, indicating that in the hunt for novel antifoulants, researchers should concentrate their efforts on tropical red macroalgae.

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“…These systems are designed to last for many years in optimum condition in aggressive marine environments [32], including high humidity, temperature changes and chemicals exposure. To achieve it, these systems require a series of processes [33], which begin by preparing the surfaces, eliminating fouling, mill scale and rust, removing existing paint by mechanical cleaning, wet blasting, high pressure water jetting, abrasive blasting, sanding and/or applying solvents to degrease them. Then, they apply a primer, which improves paint adhesion and provides protection against corrosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Key Enabling Technologies on Safety Risks in Shipbuilding. Application to Painting Activities on Large Vessels

Ramirez-Peña,

Otero-Mateo,

Pastor-Fernandez

et al. 2023

10th Manufacturing Engineering Society International Conference (MESIC 2023)

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A large vessel, such as a container ship or an oil tanker, requires painting processes that include not only application, but also cleaning, substrate preparation and corrosion treatment. Moreover, these processes take place during construction (both in the construction of blocks in the workshop and in the assembly at the dock) and also during the operation phase of its life cycle, as part of its maintenance. This research analyzes the advantages of the implementation of key enabling technologies in painting processes versus the proposal of preventive measures, collective and individual protection, and training of workers in traditional manual processes. Using the Fine-Kinney method, which assesses potential hazards and associated risks, the degree of danger of the different tasks present in the current painting processes of large vessels is measured. These risk scores is compared with those of the new activities resulting from the simulation and automation of the associated processes, analyzing their justification by confronting their level of correctness (risk mitigation) with the cost factors of their implementation. The results show that, from a health and safety point of view, the proposal of these measures is fully justified. Therefore, it can be concluded that the inclusion of key enabling technologies in the painting processes of a ship throughout its life cycle drastically reduces risk levels, improving the safety and health conditions of the workers involved, without prejudice to an increase in the cost of services or in the delivery deadlines to the client, which confirms their reliability.

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Review of Biofouling Paints on the Marine Vessel

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Impacts of Fishing Vessels on the Heavy Metal Contamination in Sediments: A Case Study of Qianzhen Fishing Port in Southern Taiwan

Impacts of Fishing Vessels on the Heavy Metal Contamination in Sediments: A Case Study of Qianzhen Fishing Port in Southern Taiwan

Fouling resistance investigations of seaweed products

Impact of Key Enabling Technologies on Safety Risks in Shipbuilding. Application to Painting Activities on Large Vessels

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