Review of 345 eye amputations carried out in the period 1996–2003, at Rigshospitalet, Denmark

Rasmussen, Marie Louise Roed; Prause, Jan Ulrik; Johnson, Martin K.; Kamper‐Jørgensen, Finn; Toft, Peter Bjerre

doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2008.01435.x

Cited by 35 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Of the 39 patients with pain, 27 (70%) were treated with an evisceration and 12 (30%) with an enucleation in the time period . Among the entire group of EA patients in the same period, 43% were eviscerated, 52% were enucleated, and 5% had an orbital exenteration (Rasmussen et al 2010).…”

Section: Triggers and Relievers Of Phantom Painmentioning

confidence: 97%

Phantom pain after eye amputation

Rasmussen¹,

Prause²,

Toft³

2010

Acta Ophthalmologica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: To characterize the quality of phantom pain, its intensity and frequency following eye amputation. Possible triggers and relievers of phantom pain are investigated. Methods: The hospital database was searched using surgery codes for patients who received ocular evisceration, enucleation, orbital exenteration or secondary implantation of an orbital implant in the period between 1993 and 2003. A total of 267 patients were identified and invited to participate; of these, 173 agreed to participate. These patients' medical records were reviewed. A structured interview focusing on pain was conducted by a trained interviewer. Results: Of the 173 patients in the study, 39 experienced phantom pain. The median age of patients who had experienced phantom pain was 45 years (range: 19-88). Follow-up time from eye amputation to participation in the investigation was 4 years (range: 2-46). Phantom pain was reported to be of three different qualities: (i) cutting, penetrating, gnawing or oppressive (n = 19); (ii) radiating, zapping or shooting (n = 8); (iii) superficial burning or stinging (n = 5); or a mixture of these different pain qualities (n = 7). The median intensity on a visual analogue scale, ranging from 0 to 100, was 36 (range: 1-89). One-third of the patients experienced phantom pain every day. Chilliness, windy weather and psychological stress ⁄ fatigue were the most commonly reported triggers for pain. Conclusions: Phantom pain after eye amputation is relatively common. The pain appears to be similar to the phantom pain suffered by limb amputees. Patients should be informed about this potential complication before surgery.

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Section: Triggers and Relievers Of Phantom Painmentioning

confidence: 97%

Phantom pain after eye amputation

Rasmussen¹,

Prause²,

Toft³

2010

Acta Ophthalmologica

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“…Twothirds of the patients in this study were men, which is the same as in the previous study even though the number of cases was almost fourfold in that study, and the time period of the study was more than twice as long. Other studies have also reported male predominance, 51-71% (Erie et al 1992;de Gottrau et al 1994;Gu¨nalp et al 1997;Hansen et al 1999;Custer & Reistad 2000;Vemuganti et al 2001;Kitzmann et al 2003;Bal et al 2007;Rasmussen et al 2010).…”

Section: Age-groups (Years)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies have reported median age of enucleation of 46 years (Erie et al 1992), 53 years (Rasmussen et al 2010) and of 60 years (Kitzmann et al 2003). Some studies have only reported the mean age, for example, de Gottrau et al (1994) of 57 years and Hansen et al (1999) of 59 years.…”

Section: Age-groups (Years)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies on the causes for enucleation and the trends over time are not in a defined population, rather they are limited to tertiary care centres or reflect the uptake area and the specialty service eye hospitals have to offer (de Gottrau et al 1994;Gu¨nalp et al 1997;Hansen et al 1999;Custer & Reistad 2000;Vemuganti et al 2001;Bal et al 2007;Rasmussen et al 2010). The benefit of a study in a defined population is that it is possible to determine the actual incidence in the entire population, which can be extrapolated to other comparable populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enucleation in Iceland 1992–2004: study in a defined population

Geirsdóttir

Agnarsson

Helgadottir

et al. 2012

Acta Ophthalmologica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: To determine the incidence rate as well as causative diagnoses and surgi- done, and the three exenterations performed were not included in the study. The mean annual age-adjusted incidence rate of enucleation in Iceland was 1.48 enucleations per 100 000 population in comparison with 2.66 enucleations per 100 000 for the time period 1964-1991. With advancing age, a significant increasing linear trend existed (p < 0.001). The median age at enucleation was 51 years (SD 22; mean 55 years; 16-91 years). The three most common surgical indications for enucleation were blind painful eye, suspected ocular malignancy and acute trauma. The most common causative diagnosis for enucleation was traumatic lesion (39%). The annual incidence was 2.00 enucleations per 100 000 for men and 0.95 for women. There were significantly more men in the traumatic lesion group (p < 0.001), but no gender predominance was found in the other groups of causative diagnoses (p = 0.8). Conclusion: The overall mean annual incidence of enucleation in Iceland is continually decreasing, although the incidence of severe ocular trauma and ocular malignancy is fairly stable.

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“…Today, worldwide, the number of patients who have been formally indicated for these types of surgeries continues to be high (1,2) . Besides the feeling of loss of the eyeball, the evisceration or enucleation predisposes the individual to esthetic defects such as enophthalmos, deepening of the eyelid superior sulcus, ptosis, incomplete transference of movement to the prosthesis, reduction of the lower fornix, and flaccidity of the lower eyelid (3) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of a gel biopolymer for the treatment of eviscerated eyes: experimental model in rabbits

Cordeiro-Barbosa¹,

Aguiar²,

Lira³

et al. 2012

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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Purpose: To evaluate histologically the integration process of cellulose gel produced by Zoogloea sp when implanted into rabbits' eviscerated eyes. Methods: This experimental study employed 36 eyes of 18 rabbits subjected to evis ceration of their right eyes. The sclerocorneal bag was sutured and filled with biopolymer from sugar cane in the gel state. All animals were clinically examined by biomicroscopy until the day of their sacrifice which occurred on the 7 th , 30 th , 60 th , 90 th , 120 th , or 240 th day. The eyeballs obtained, including the left eyes considered controls were sent for histopathological study by optical macroscopy and microscopy. Tissue staining techniques used included hematoxylin-eosin, Masson trichrome (with aniline), Gomori trichrome, Van Gienson, Picrosirius red, and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Results:No clinical signs of infection, allergy, toxicity, or extrusion were observed throughout the experiment. The corneas were relatively preserved. Macroscopic examination revealed a decrease of ~ 8% in the volume of the bulbs implanted with the biopolymer. After cutting, the sclerocorneal bag was solid, compact, elastic, and resistant to traction, with a smooth and whitish surface, and showed no signs of necrosis or liquefaction. The episcleral tissues were somewhat hypertrophied. The histological preparations studied in different colors revealed an initial lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, replaced by a fibroblastic response and proliferation of histiocytes, along with formation of giant cells. Few polymorphonuclearneutrophils and eosinophils were also found. Neovascularization and collagen deposition were present in all animals starting from day 30; although on the 240 th day of the experiment the chronic inflammatory response, neovascularization and collagen deposition had not yet reached the center of the implant. Conclusion: In this model, the cellulose gel produced by Zoogloea sp proved to be biocompatible and integrated into the orbits. Morphometric, immunohistochemical and biodegradability studies should be performed in the future. Keywords

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Review of 345 eye amputations carried out in the period 1996–2003, at Rigshospitalet, Denmark

Cited by 35 publications

References 9 publications

Phantom pain after eye amputation

Phantom pain after eye amputation

Enucleation in Iceland 1992–2004: study in a defined population

Use of a gel biopolymer for the treatment of eviscerated eyes: experimental model in rabbits

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