Review: Implementing the hydrophilic–lipophilic deviation model when formulating detergents and other surfactant‐related applications

Phaodee, Parichat; Weston, Javen

doi:10.1002/jsde.12660

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 54 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some silane coupling agents such as KH–570 can easily react with silanol to form a stable hydrophobic tail. The modified silica has a specific hydrophile–lipophile balance (HLB) [ 41 ]. When adjusting the quantity ratio of hydrophobic agents and raw silica, the modified silica showed various dispersion characteristics under different solutions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SiO2–TiO2 Nanoparticle Aqueous Foam for Volatile Organic Compounds’ Suppression

Yu,

Xuan

2024

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are prevalent soil contaminants. During the ex situ soil remediation process, VOCs may overflow from the soil and cause gas to diffuse into the atmosphere. Moreover, some VOCs, such as trichloromethane, are categorized by the EPA as emerging contaminants, imparting toxicity to organs, and the endocrine and immune systems, and posing a huge threat to human health and the environment. To reduce VOCs’ emissions from contaminated soil, aqueous foam suppression is a prospective method that provides a durable mass transfer barrier for VOCs, and it has been widely used in odor control. Based on an aqueous foam substrate, in order to enhance the foam’s stability and efficiency of suppression, SiO2–TiO2-modified nanoparticles have been used as stabilizing agents to improve the mechanical strength of liquid film. The nanoparticles are endowed with the ability to photocatalyze after the introduction of titanium dioxide. From SEM imaging, IR, and a series of morphological characterization experiments, the dispersibility of the SiO2–TiO2-modified nanoparticles was significantly improved under the polar solvent, which, in turn, increased the foam duration. The foam dynamic analysis experiments showed that the foam liquid half-life was increased by 4.08 h, and the volume half-life was increased by 4.44 h after adding the novel synthesized nanoparticles to the bulk foam substrate. From the foam VOC suppression test, foam with modified nanoparticles was more efficient in terms of VOCs’ suppression, in contrast with its nanoparticle-free counterparts, due to the longer retention time. Moreover, in a bench-scale experiment, the SiO2–TiO2 nanoparticles foam worked against dichloroethane, n–hexane, and toluene for almost 12 h, with a 90% suppression rate, under UV irradiation, which was 2~6 h longer than that of UV-free SiO2–TiO2 nanoparticles, the KH–570-modified nanosilica foam, and the nanoparticle-free bulk foam. XPS and XRD results indicate that in SiO2–TiO2 nanoparticles, the proportion of titanium valence was changed, providing more oxygen vacancies compared to raw titanium dioxides.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SiO2–TiO2 Nanoparticle Aqueous Foam for Volatile Organic Compounds’ Suppression

Yu,

Xuan

2024

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It should be noted that the insights delivered by the HLD theory have been applicable to the demulsification. , However, there are too many parameters in the HLD equation, such as K , EACN, φ(A), c t , Cc n , and so it is not easy to use the HLD equation to guide the quantitative design of a nonionic block polyether water clarifier. After careful analysis of the HLD equation, we can find that there are two types of parameters: one type consists of environmental parameters, including S , EACN, φ(A), and Δ T ; the other type consists of structural parameters of the surfactant, including K , c t , and Cc n .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical Relationship among the Parameters in HLD Equation of Block Polyether Water Clarifier

Wang,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work, the empirical relationship among three apparent parameters in the hydrophilic−lipophilic deviation (HLD) equation was studied to provide help in using the HLD equation to design a block polyether water clarifier for treating produced water in an oilfield. Ten block polyethers (including six linear polyethers and four branched polyethers) were prepared, and their HLD equations were measured. By curve fitting, the empirical relationship among apparent hydrophobicity characteristic (K), apparent characteristic curvature (Cc n ), and apparent temperature coefficient (c t ) of block polyether were obtained: K = 9.32c t , Cc n = 18e −24.5K (for linear polyether), and Cc n = 3.7e −20.8K (for branched polyether). By introducing these relationships into the HLD equation and combining an empirical relationship between propylene oxide/ethylene oxide (mole ratio) in a block polyether and K/Ccn, a new block polyether was designed to treat the produced water. The treatment result confirmed the reliability of these empirical relationships. The results expand the practical application of HLD theory and are useful for the development of a block polyether water clarifier.

show abstract

Review: Implementing the hydrophilic–lipophilic deviation model when formulating detergents and other surfactant‐related applications

Cited by 2 publications

References 54 publications

SiO2–TiO2 Nanoparticle Aqueous Foam for Volatile Organic Compounds’ Suppression

SiO2–TiO2 Nanoparticle Aqueous Foam for Volatile Organic Compounds’ Suppression

Empirical Relationship among the Parameters in HLD Equation of Block Polyether Water Clarifier

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About