Review—Electrochemical Determination of Heavy Metals in Food and Drinking Water Using Electrodes Modified with Ion-Imprinted Polymers

Rebolledo-Perales, L. E.; Álvarez-Romero, Giaan Arturo; Ibarra-Ortega, I. S.; Galán-Vidal, Carlos Andrés; Pérez-Silva, Irma

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ac0601

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(148 reference statements)

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“…In recent years, there has been significant interest in the CPEs-IIP technique, as it represents a simple and cost-effective method for the detection and analysis of heavy metal ions (Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ ) in both drinking water and food. This makes it a highly promising technique for improving everyday life [ 82 ].…”

Section: Modifiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Prospects in the Electroanalysis of Heavy Metal Ions (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu): Development and Application of Novel Electrode Surfaces

Keramari

Karastogianni

Girousi

2023

MPs

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The detection of toxic heavy metal ions, especially cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu), is a global problem due to ongoing pollution incidents and continuous anthropogenic and industrial activities. Therefore, it is important to develop effective detection techniques to determine the levels of pollution from heavy metal ions in various media. Electrochemical techniques, more specifically voltammetry, due to its properties, is a promising method for the simultaneous detection of heavy metal ions. This review examines the current trends related to electrode formation and analysis techniques used. In addition, there is a reference to advanced detection methods based on the nanoparticles that have been developed so far, as well as formation with bismuth and the emerging technique of screen-printed electrodes. Finally, the advantages of using these methods are highlighted, while a discussion is presented on the benefits arising from nanotechnology, as it gives researchers new ideas for integrating these technologies into devices that can be used anywhere at any time. Reference is also made to the speciation of metals and how it affects their toxicity, as it is an important subject of research.

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Section: Modifiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Prospects in the Electroanalysis of Heavy Metal Ions (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu): Development and Application of Novel Electrode Surfaces

Keramari

Karastogianni

Girousi

2023

MPs

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“…The IIP is based on the synthesis of polymers with selective recognition cavities (in shape, size, and interactions towards the template molecule used during the synthesizing). The incorporation of the IIP in the composite mixture of a carbon paste electrode could increase the sensitivity and selectivity for Pb(II) quantification even in a complex analytical matrix (29,30,31).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Determination of Pb(II) Using Carbon Paste Electrodes Modified with Ion Imprinted Polymers (IIPs)

Rebolledo¹,

Álvarez-Romero²,

Ibarra-Ortega³

et al. 2022

ECS Trans.

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An easy, low-cost, and highly selective carbon paste electrode based on an ion-imprinted polymer (IIP) to determine Pb(II) in real samples was developed. The recognition cavities based on a cross-linked polymer selective to Pb(II) were created using vinyl pyridine. The modified CPE was constructed by a composite mixture with the synthesized IIP. A notable difference was observed in the electrochemical response of the electrodes modified with the IIP and a non-imprinted polymer, demonstrating the unique properties of the IIP recognition sites. The parameters related to the current intensity were optimized; the selectivity was also studied considering potential interference ions. The proposed modified electrode demonstrated to be as (or more) selective to Pb(II) compared to others previously reported in the literature. A linear concentration range from 3.3 mg/L to 33 mg/L with a limit detection of 1 mg/L was obtained. The Pb(II) preconcentrated on the electrode surface was successfully quantified in real potable water samples without previous treatment.

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“…26 Compared to these conventional methods, electrochemical techniques represent an excellent alternative for UA determination due to their simplicity, easy operation, low cost, fast response, high sensitivity, and real-time detection. 27,28 The detection of UA by electrochemical techniques is carried out on the surface of a working electrode in contact with the analyte. Traditional working electrodes have limited catalytic performance in detecting UA; therefore, the modification of the surface with diverse materials is necessary to increase the rate of electron transference, and although the analytical parameters as the limit of detection, sensitivity, selectivity, and linear concentration range.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Trends in the Development of Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensors Modified with a Metal-Organic Framework for Quantification of Uric Acid

Ramírez

Mendoza-Huízar

Vidal

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Uric acid is an important metabolite as its blood levels can help diagnose significant diseases. The accepted methodology for quantifying uric acid is based on enzymatic-spectrophotometric techniques, but in recent years, new alternatives have emerged. Electroanalytical strategies have emerged as promising alternatives for the accurate and precise determination of uric acid. This review analyzes the development over the last decade of non-enzymatic electrochemical studies based on Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for the detection of uric acid. MOFs have recently arisen as new materials for the electrochemical determination of organic molecules of biomedical interest. Most of the proposals in the literature reported applications of these sensors for the determination of uric acid in blood, urine, and pharmaceutical products. Vitreous carbon and carbon paste electrodes are the main transductors modified with MOF materials to electro-oxidize uric acid; the maximum anodic peak current is then used as the analytical signal. The reported results are promising, demonstrating that this electroanalytical approach represents a viable alternative for fast and confident analysis of this molecule.

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Review—Electrochemical Determination of Heavy Metals in Food and Drinking Water Using Electrodes Modified with Ion-Imprinted Polymers

Cited by 12 publications

References 101 publications

New Prospects in the Electroanalysis of Heavy Metal Ions (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu): Development and Application of Novel Electrode Surfaces

New Prospects in the Electroanalysis of Heavy Metal Ions (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu): Development and Application of Novel Electrode Surfaces

Electrochemical Determination of Pb(II) Using Carbon Paste Electrodes Modified with Ion Imprinted Polymers (IIPs)

Review—Trends in the Development of Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensors Modified with a Metal-Organic Framework for Quantification of Uric Acid

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