Review Article: Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Potato virus X and Y in Potato

Abstract

The most important viral pathogens of the cultivated potato are Potato virus X (PVX) and Potato virus Y (PVY), which can reduce potato production up to 80%. Thus resistance breeding is one of the major goals of plant breeders. Wild potato species are good sources of resistance (R) genes. The resistant plants respond to viral infection with hypersensitive reaction (HR) or extreme resistance (ER). HR is accompanied by programmed cell death, while ER localizes the virus at the primary infection site and limits virus replication without visible symptoms. While HR is generally strain-specific, ER can act against a broad spectrum of viral pathogens. This review aims to describe the molecular mechanisms of resistance against PVX and PVY in potato.

Extreme resistance to Potato virus Y in potato carrying the Rysto gene is mediated by a TIR‐NLR immune receptor

“…PVY is mechanically transmitted by more than 40 aphid species in a non‐persistent manner (Brunt, ). Intracellular pathogens such as viruses are difficult to control chemically, and PVY outbreaks are managed by the destruction of infected plants or by pesticide treatment to reduce insect vector populations (Kopp and Bánfalvi, ). Selective breeding of plants with resistance to viral pathogens remains the best method to limit the impact of viral infections.…”

Resistance genes in global crop breeding networks

“…To monitor pathogen evolution to these genes, a novel host plant differential set has been developed (Zhu et al 2015). Virus genes have not been cloned but have been identified for Potato virus Y (PVY) and Potato virus X (Kopp et al 2015), and Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) (Mihovilovich et al 2014). These genes confer extreme or hypersensitive resistance and are widely used in lowincome countries where seed systems are underdeveloped.…”

Screening for PVYN-Wi Resistance in Kenyan Potato Cultivars

“…Potato virus Y (PVY) is the most important virus of the potato crop and the fifth most important plant virus (German 2001;Scholthof et al 2011). The virus, which is the type member of the genus Potyvirus and family Potyviridae (Adams et al 2012) may cause yield losses of up to 80% in susceptible cultivars (Kopp et al 2015). PVY is transmitted mainly from one cropping season to another through infected mother tubers to daughter tubers and by different species of aphids in a non-persistent manner (Quenouille et al 2013).…”