Review article: A comprehensive review of unusual causes of acute limb compartment syndrome

Steadman, William; Wu, Rui; Hamilton, Alistair Tm; Richardson, Martin; Wall, Christopher J.

doi:10.1111/1742-6723.14098

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Non-traumatic causes include poisoning, insect bites, and infections. 5,10 Prompt diagnosis and emergent fasciotomy are crucial interventions in effectively preventing the progression of osteofascial compartment syndrome. 11 Delay in diagnosis and treatment can result in irreversible complications such as nerve damage, muscle necrosis, and even amputation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of bilateral Posterior Tibial Compartment Syndrome using a Novel Surgical Approach: A Case Report of the Posterior Approach

Li,

zeng,

et al. 2024

Orthopedic Reviews

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Osteofascial compartment syndrome is a serious surgical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. It presents a challenge for surgeons due to its high disability rate and difficult management. Early fasciotomy decompression is crucial in preventing severe complications. Classic fasciotomy approaches for tibial osteofascial compartment syndrome include double-incision and single-incision techniques.This paper presents a case of a 24-year-old female with bilateral tibial posterior compartment syndrome resulting from prolonged squatting after alcohol intoxication, which is a relatively rare mechanism. We employed an innovative posterior approach to manage the patient with tibial posterior compartment syndrome. Ultimately, we successfully preserved the patient’s legs and achieved a good functional recovery.The paper reported a rare case with bilateral posterior tibial compartment syndrome resulting from squatting for 10 hours after alcohol intoxication. The patient achieved favorable outcomes in lower limb function following treatment with a new fasciotomy approach, the posterior approach.The new approach for treating posterior tibial compartment syndrome can serve as a valuable reference for surgeons.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of bilateral Posterior Tibial Compartment Syndrome using a Novel Surgical Approach: A Case Report of the Posterior Approach

Li,

zeng,

et al. 2024

Orthopedic Reviews

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“…Infections on extremities among drug addicts are very common. Abuse of various psychoactive substances (PAS), nonsterile conditions during substance injection, comorbidity, weak immune system, bad habits, and unhealthy lifestyle are contributing factors for infection complications in this population [1][2][3] . Infections appear as post-injection complications, post-traumatic complications, complications caused by weak general health conditions, and immunodeficiency 4,5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections of the extremities as a complications of the intravenous use of psychoactive substances

Vučetić,

Dimitrijević,

Vučković

2023

Galenika Med J

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Introduction: Infections on the extremities are a common occurrence in psychoactive substance addicts who use the drug intravenously. A significant risk of infection is present due to non-sterile conditions and/or incorrect injection of substances. Other contributing factors in this group of patients are comorbidities, impaired body defense mechanisms, harmful habits, and a lifestyle inconsistent with recommendations for a healthy life. Surgical treatment is essential in solving these complications, but also in repairing skin and soft tissue defects. In the professional literature, in both psychiatric and surgical specialties, few studies dealt with infections as complications in psychoactive substance addicts and surgical procedures in their treatment. Material and method: A retrospective analysis of infections as a complication on the extremities in addicts of psychoactive substances hospitalized in one center for two years was performed. Results: A group of 24 patients was analyzed. All patients were long-term intravenous drug users. The lower extremity was more often affected by infections (which were registered in 14 or 58.33% of patients), while changes on the hands were registered in 10 or 41.67% of patients. Affected limb parts were: the upper arm (4 or 16.67%), forearm (7 or 29.17%), arm (1 or 4.17%), the upper part of the leg (5 or 20.83%), the lower part of the leg (6 or 25%) and foot (3 or 12.5% of addicts). Acute manifestations of infections were: abscesses (8 or 33.33%), phlegmon (5 or 20.83%), cellulitis (2 or 2.24%), tissue necrosis (2 or 2.24%), necrotic fasciitis ( 3 or 12.5%), lymphadenitis (4 or 16.67%) and phlebitis (4 or 16.67% of addicts). All patients were treated surgically during hospitalization; initial surgical treatment included: incisions, debridement, necrectomy, application of negative pressure, sequestrectomy, instillation, and amputation; 13 (54.17%) patients were treated using reconstructive surgical procedures. Conclusion: Surgical treatment of infectious complications in intravenous drug users is necessary in cases of a developed clinical picture and the presence of a systemic infectious response. Surgical treatment is an essential element in the prevention and treatment of infection and the reconstruction of major skin defects.

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“…Although most associated with trauma, compartment syndrome may be related to exertion or infection; some cases appear to be non-traumatic, spontaneous, or related to prolonged immobilization [16][17][18]. Steadman and colleagues reviewed 1068 cases of acute limb compartment syndrome and identified 65 cases due to prolonged pressure [19]. Despite the long list of etiologic factors leading to FE and FES, acute nontraumatic compartment syndrome has not been described in the literature as a cause for FES.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fat embolism syndrome associated with atraumatic compartment syndrome of the bilateral upper extremities: An unreported etiology

Ali,

Troncoso,

Redding‐Ochoa

2024

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a potentially life‐threatening condition that develops when fat embolism leads to clinical symptoms and multisystem dysfunction. The classic triad of respiratory distress, neurologic symptoms, and petechial rash are non‐specific, and the lack of specific laboratory tests makes the diagnosis of FES difficult. Although FES is most common after long bone fractures, multiple conditions some of which are atraumatic have been associated with the development of FES. We report a case of FES that occurred in the setting of a non‐traumatic compartment syndrome of the upper extremities. The pathologic and clinical findings, pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, and pathologic methods to properly diagnose FES are discussed with a review of the relevant literature. This case highlights the importance of the autopsy in making a diagnosis of FES in cases where death could otherwise be incorrectly attributed to multi‐organ system failure, shock, or sepsis.

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Review article: A comprehensive review of unusual causes of acute limb compartment syndrome

Cited by 4 publications

References 69 publications

Treatment of bilateral Posterior Tibial Compartment Syndrome using a Novel Surgical Approach: A Case Report of the Posterior Approach

Treatment of bilateral Posterior Tibial Compartment Syndrome using a Novel Surgical Approach: A Case Report of the Posterior Approach

Infections of the extremities as a complications of the intravenous use of psychoactive substances

Fat embolism syndrome associated with atraumatic compartment syndrome of the bilateral upper extremities: An unreported etiology

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