Review: Antibacterial components of the Bivalve's immune system and the potential of freshwater bivalves as a source of new antibacterial compounds

Sousa, Henrique; Hinzmann, Mariana

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.062

Cited by 10 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Despite these interesting facts, bacterial infections are the most growing contagious concern in industrial fish farms and ornamental fish [2]. Studies have shown that captive fish are susceptible to many pathogenic bacteria that can cause kidney disease, dropsy, enteric redmouth, tuberculosis, vibriosis, motile aeromonad septicemia, bacterial gill infection, mouth fungus, tail and fin rot, and columnaris [3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility, and presence of drug resistance genes in Aeromonas spp. isolated from freshwater fish in Kelantan and Terengganu states, Malaysia

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens has been increasingly reported, which has resulted in a decreasing ability to treat bacterial infections. Therefore, this study investigated the presence of Aeromonas spp., including its antibiotic resistance in various fish samples, Oreochromis spp., Clarias gariepinus, and Pangasius hypophthalmus, obtained from Kelantan and Terengganu, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: In this study, 221 fish samples, of which 108 (Oreochromis spp., n=38; C. gariepinus, n=35; and P. hypophthalmus, n=35) were from Kelantan and 113 (Oreochromis spp., n=38; C. gariepinus, n=35; and P. hypophthalmus, n=40) were from Terengganu, were caught using cast nets. Then, samples from their kidneys were cultured on a Rimler Shott agar to isolate Aeromonas spp. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to confirm this isolation using specific gene primers for species identification. Subsequently, the isolates were tested for their sensitivity to 14 antibiotics using the Kirby–Bauer method, after which the PCR was conducted again to detect resistance genes: sul1, strA-strB, aadA, blaTEM, blaSHV, tetA-tetE, and tetM. Results: From the results, 61 isolates were identified as being from the genus Aeromonas using PCR, of which 28 were Aeromonas jandaei, 19 were Aeromonas veronii, seven were Aeromonas hydrophila, and seven were Aeromonas sobria. Moreover, 8, 12, and 8 of A. jandaei; 4, 3, and 12 of A. veronii; 6, 0, and 1 of A. hydrophila; and 3, 3, and 1 of A. sobria were obtained from Oreochromis spp., C. gariepinus, and P. hypophthalmus, respectively. In addition, the isolates showed the highest level of resistance to ampicillin (100%), followed by streptomycin (59.0%), each kanamycin and nalidixic acid (41.0%), neomycin (36.1%), tetracycline (19.7%), sulfamethoxazole (14.8%), and oxytetracycline (13.1%). Resistance to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin both had the same percentage (9.8%), whereas isolates showed the lowest resistance to norfloxacin (8.2%) and doxycycline (1.6%). Notably, all Aeromonas isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol and nitrofurantoin. Results also revealed that the multiple antibiotic resistances index of the isolates ranged from 0.07 to 0.64, suggesting that the farmed fish in these areas were introduced to the logged antibiotics indiscriminately and constantly during their cultivation stages. Results also revealed that the sul1 gene was detected in 19.7% of the Aeromonas isolates, whereas the tetracycline resistance genes, tetA and tetE, were detected in 27.9% and 4.9% of the isolates, respectively. However, β-lactam resistance genes, blaTEM and blaSHV, were found in 44.3% and 13.1% of Aeromonas isolates, respectively, whereas strA-strB and aadA genes were found in 3.3% and 13.1% of the isolates, respectively. Conclusion: This study, therefore, calls for continuous surveillance of antibiotic-resistant Aeromonas spp. in cultured freshwater fish to aid disease management and better understand their implications to public health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility, and presence of drug resistance genes in Aeromonas spp. isolated from freshwater fish in Kelantan and Terengganu states, Malaysia

et al. 2021

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“…The marine environment possibly have molecules and compounds with different structures and vastly different substances from the natural products in terrestrial organisms [ 4 ]. Extreme conditions lead organisms to evolve, creating bioactive compounds for such purposes as reproduction, communication, and protection against predation, infection, and competition [ 5 ] in order to survive in the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These peptides can be used as functional food ingredients or as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals to improve human health and prevent disease. There are several reports of the presence of molecules with health promoting potential in different marine bivalves [ 4 , 8 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proximate Composition, Antioxidant Properties, and Hepatoprotective Activity of Three Species of Shellfish of the Pacific Coast of Russia

et al. 2021

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The objective of the present study was to investigate the proximate composition, antiradical properties and hepatoprotective activity of three species of shellfish, Corbicula japonica, Spisula sachalinensis, and Anadara broughtonii, from the coastal areas of Far East Russia. Biologically active peptides such as taurine (3.74 g/100 g protein) and ornithine (2.12 g/100 g protein) have been found in the tissues of A. broughtonii. C. japonica contains a high amount of ornithine (5.57 g/100 g protein) and taurine (0.85 g/100 g protein). The maximum DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity (36.0 µg ascorbic acid/g protein and 0.68 µmol/Trolox equiv/g protein, respectively) was determined for the tissue of C. japonica. The protein and peptide molecular weight distribution of the shellfish tissue water extracts was investigated using HPLC. It was found that the amount of low molecular weight proteins and peptides were significantly and positively correlated with radical scavenging activity (Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.96), while the amount of high molecular weight proteins negatively correlated with radical scavenging activity (Pearson’s correlation coefficient = −0.86). Hepatoprotective activity, measured by the survival rate of HepG2 hepatocytes after cotreatment with t-BHP, was detected for C. japonica. The highest protection (95.3 ± 2.4%) was achieved by the cold water extract of C. japonica at the concentration of 200 mg/mL. Moreover, oral administration of hot water extract of C. japonica to rats before the treatment with CCl4 exhibited a markedly protective effect by lowering serum levels of ALT and AST, inhibiting the changes in biochemical parameters of functional state of rat liver, including MDA, SOD, GSH and GST.

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“…V. parahaemolyticus is a curved, rod-shaped, and Gram-negative bacterium found in the sea, which has been reported to cause adverse effects such as decreasing growth, weakened immunity, and even outbreaks of mass mortality of shellfish [30,32]. Notably, bivalve species have no adaptive immune defense mechanism and rely on innate immunity [33]. In this regard, it is of great significance to characterize the innate immunity of S. constricta, which can contribute to sustainable development of its production industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Characterization and Analysis of Expression of the Histone Gene Family in Razor Clam, Sinonovacula constricta

Lian

Yao

et al. 2021

Fishes

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The Chinese razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta), a bivalve species widely distributed in estuaries and mudflats, is often exposed to extreme environmental and microbial stresses. Histones are fundamental components of chromatin and play an important role in innate immunity, as demonstrated by its antimicrobial activities in clams. However, little attention has been paid to histones in bivalves. To fill this gap, we investigated the genomic distribution, structural characteristics, conserved motifs, and phylogenetic relationships of histones in S. constricta. A total of 114 histone genes were detected in the S. constricta genome, which were divided into 25 types in phylogenetic analysis. Among them, partial histones exhibited a tissue-dependent expression pattern, indicating that they may be involved in sustaining the homeostasis of organs/tissues in adult S. constricta. Furthermore, mRNA expression of certain histones changed significantly in S. constricta when infected with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, suggesting that histones play a role in the immune defense of S. constricta. All together, this study on histone genes in S. constricta not only greatly expands our knowledge of histone function in the clam, but also histone evolution in molluscs.

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Review: Antibacterial components of the Bivalve's immune system and the potential of freshwater bivalves as a source of new antibacterial compounds

Cited by 10 publications

References 123 publications

Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility, and presence of drug resistance genes in Aeromonas spp. isolated from freshwater fish in Kelantan and Terengganu states, Malaysia

Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility, and presence of drug resistance genes in Aeromonas spp. isolated from freshwater fish in Kelantan and Terengganu states, Malaysia

Proximate Composition, Antioxidant Properties, and Hepatoprotective Activity of Three Species of Shellfish of the Pacific Coast of Russia

Genome-Wide Characterization and Analysis of Expression of the Histone Gene Family in Razor Clam, Sinonovacula constricta

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