Review and practice of optimal structural design and selection of structural systems

Abstract

The article describes the analysis of the optimal structural design and selection of structural systems and analyzes the technical and economic indicators of various design solutions. An important step in solving the design optimization problem is the correct choice of the optimality indicator. In the works included in the review, various optimality criteria are adopted. For example, the criterion for the minimum weight is justified when the structure's material is homogeneous. The issues of choosing a quality criterion when optimizing the design of a structure for minimum weight are also given a place. Comparing various recalculation methods while minimizing the weight of a structure under conditions of permissible stresses and displacements in certain load cases, the work looks at a nonlinear programming method and algorithms based on optimality criteria and a "mixed method" based on combining recalculation and nonlinear programming methods. In modern conditions, the restructuring and reorientation of the economy of the Republic, when the need arises for structures that allow placing medium and small enterprises, and in areas with the minimum level of employment, the problem arises of choosing a certain constructive solution that allows the construction of facilities with minimal labor costs, cost, the earliest possible payback and while ensuring seismic resistance. In this regard, various design solutions' technical and economic indicators are analyzed.